英语语言学考研真题与典型题详解1.docx

1.3　考研真题与典型题详解?I.?Fill?in?the?blanks.??1.?The?features?that?define?our?human?languages?can?be?called?______?features.?(北二外2006研)?2.?Linguistics?is?usually?defined?as?the?______study?of?language.?(北二外2003研)?3.?Language,?broadly?speaking,?is?a?means?of______?communication.??4.?In?any?language?words?can?be?used?in?new?ways?to?mean?new?things?and?can?be?combined?into?innumerable?sentences?based?on?limited?rules.?This?feature?is?usually?termed______ 5.?Linguistics?is?the?scientific?study?of______.??6.?Modern?linguistic?is______?in?the?sense?that?the?linguist?tries?to?discover?what?language?is?rather?than?lay?down?some?rules?for?people?to?observe.??7.?One?general?principle?of?linguistic?analysis?is?the?primacy?of?______?over?writing.??8.?The?branch?of?linguistics?which?studies?the?sound?patterns?of?a?language?is?called?______.?(北二外2003研)?9.?The?branch?of?grammar?which?studies?the?internal?structure?of?words?is?called______.?(北二外2004研)?10.?______mainly?studies?the?characteristics?of?speech?sounds?and?provides?methods?for?their?description,?classification?and?transcription.?(北二外2005研) 11.?Semantics?and?______investigate?different?aspects?of?linguistic?meaning.?(北二外2007研)?12.?In?linguistics,?______?refers?to?the?study?of?the?rules?governing?the?way?words?are?combined?to?form?sentences?in?a?language,?or?simply,?the?study?of?the?formation?as?sentence.?(中山大学2008研)?13.?______can?be?defined?as?the?study?of?language?in?use.?Sociolinguistics,?on?the?other?hand,?attempts?to?show?the?relationship?between?language?and?society.??14.?The?branch?of?grammar?which?studies?the?internal?structure?of?sentence?is?called?_______.?(北二外2008研)?15.?Saussure?distinguished?the?linguistic?competence?of?the?speaker?and?the?actual?phenomena?or?data?of?linguistics?(utterances)?as?　??and?　.?The?former?refers?to?the?abstract?linguistic linguistic?system?shared?by?all?the?members?of?a?speech?community,?and?the?latter?is?the?concrete?manifestation?of?language?either?through?speech?or?through?writing.?(人大2006