[理学]基于PLC五层电梯论文1.doc

摘 要 随着现代经济和城市生活的发展，电梯成为人们日常生活必不可少的代步工具，电梯性能的好坏对人们生活的影响越来越显著。首先，分别阐述了电梯继电器控制和PLC控制的特点，突出讲述继电器电梯控制系统暴露的缺点以及PLC电梯控制系统所具有的优点，并对电梯的变频调速控制进行了介绍。其次，在阅读了大量国内外相关文件资料的基础上，对电梯技术和电梯设备的发展进行了综述。然后，介绍了变频器类型以及参数设计的相关知识;同时介绍了PLC选型原则以及PLC控制系统的设计思路;最后的模拟调试结果表明，基于PLC的变频调速电梯系统运行效率高，系统安全可靠性强，并且系统构造简单易于实现，满足了对电梯系统期望的要求。 关键词:电梯，可编程控制器，变频调速，旋转编码器 Abstract Along with the development of modern economy and city life, the elevator has become a essential walking tool for people in daily life, and the performance of elevators obviously influences people’s lives. Firstly, the essay respectively presents the characteristics of the elevator system based on relay control and PLC control, specially formulates the defects exposed from relay control system and the advantages of PLC control system, introduces the frequency control of elevators. Secondly, based on reading many domestic and international relative literatures. The development of elevator techniques and elevator devices is overviewed. And then, the relative knowledge of frequency-converter is introduced; the principle of PLC model election and design scheme of PLC control system are introduced as well. Finally, the analog examination shows the elevator frequency control based on PLC possesses high operational efficiency and strong system security. The system structure is simple and easily realized, and satisfies the demands of the elevator system expected. Key words: Elevator, Programmable Logic Control(PLC), Frequency Conversion Velocity Adjustment, Revolving Encoder目 录 摘 要 I Abstract I 1 引言 3 1.1电梯控制系统的发展及特点 3 1.1.1交流曳引电梯调速方式的发展 3 1.2可编程控制器(PLC)及其在电梯控制中的应用 4 1.2.1 PLC的特点 4 1.2.1.1可靠性 4 1.2.1.2易操作性 5 1.2.1.3灵活性 6 1.2.2 PLC控制电梯的优点 6 1.2.3电梯变频调速控制的特点 7 1.3课题的来源 7 1.4课题的主要研究内容 8 2 电梯设备与电梯发展动态 8 2.1电梯的出现 8 2.2电梯设备简介 9 2.2.1电梯的分类 9 2.2.2电梯的主要参数 9 2.2.3电梯的安全保护装置 10 2.3电梯的发展概况 11 2.3.1电梯技术发展概况 12 2.3.2电梯发展展望 13 3调速变频器类型选择及其设计参数 13 3.1变频器的分类及选择 13 3.1．1变频器的分类 14 3.1.2变频器的类型选择 14 3.1.3变频器的规格选择 14 3.1.4选择的变频器应满足的条件 15 3.2通用变频器简介及选择 15 3.2.1