Lecture01introduction概要.ppt

Translation Theory and Practice--A Brief Introduction 郭 义 Office: Rm. 318, College of Foreign Languages, QFNU Telephone: 158 9865 7626 E-mail: qfguoyi@ What is translation? Traduttore, Traditore. --Italian saying (“Translator, traitor.”) Poetry is what gets lost in translation. –Robert Frost 翻译就是戴着手铐脚镣在跳舞。 翻译如女人，忠者不美，美者不忠。 Translation is an art. Translation is a science. Translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source-language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style. –Eugene A. Nida 所谓翻译，是指在译语中用最切近而又自然的对等语再现原语的信息，首先是意义，其次是文体。 —尤金·奈达 Eugene A. Nida American translator and translation theorist, famous for his theory of “ functional equivalence” or “dynamic equivalence” 2. Classification of translation 1) source or target language: from native to foreign from foreign to native 2) linguistic symbols involved: intralingual translation 语内翻译 interlingual translation 语际翻译 intersemiotic translation 符际翻译 3) The medium oral translation (interpretation) 口译 written translation 笔译 machine translation 机器翻译 3. The criteria of translation 严复 “信”、“达”、 “雅” 译事三难，信(faithfulness)、 达(expressiveness)、雅 (elegance/ gracefulness)。 求其信，已大难矣。顾信 矣不达，虽译尤不译也， 则达尚焉。 Alexander Tytler: 1)That the translation should give a complete transcript of the ideas of the original work.（译文应完整地再现原文的思想内容） 2) That the style and manner of writing should be of the same character with that of the original.（译文的风格、笔调应与原文的性质相同） 3) That the translation should have all the ease of the original.（译文应象原文一样流畅自然） Essay on the Principles of Translation (1790) Alexander Fraser Tytler, Lord Woodhouselee (15 October 1747 - 5 January 1813) was a Scottish lawyer, writer, and professor. Tytler was also a historian, and for some years was Professor of Universal History, and Greek and Roman Antiquities, in the University of Edinburgh. 傅雷：以效果而论，