[文学]英国概况3.ppt

1.Early Settlers 2.Celtic Invasion. 3. Roman Occupation (55B.C-410A.D) 4. The Germanic Invasion (446— 871). 5. The Danish Invasion (8-11th Century) 6. The Norman Conquest (1066---1381) Five times of invasions. Chapter 3 A Brief Guideline of British History(一) 3: Roman Occupation (55B.C- 410A.D) In 55 B.C. and 54 B.C. Julius Caesar, the great Roman Emperor invaded Britain for the first time. He landed in Kent with several thousand men, and he met resistance and bad weather and decided to withdraw. He returned the following year and returned to Gaul after getting promises of paying tribute from the chieftains. The diary of Julia Caesar wrote in England marked the written history of England Julius Caesar The real conquest began in 43A.D. and the Roman Emperor, Claudius headed the Roman army to invade Britain. The British chieftains were defeated and Britain became a Roman province in name. There were different attitudes towards Romans’ occupation between the lowland Britons and the inhabitants of Wales and Scotland. Statue of Emperor Claudius The lowland Britons soon accepted and appreciated the Roman way a life because they had an economy based on settled agriculture. But the hillside dwellers were not willing to submit to Roman conquest because their economy was based on sheep and their freedom of life was threatened by the Roman urban civilization. They kept the Celtic Culture. Culture affected by Romans: 1) In order to keep back the Picts and Scots who lived on the hillside Britain, about 122 A.D., the Romans built a wall called Hadrian’s Wall with a length of 118 kilometers. 2) They built towns, temples…., built road and cultivate land in a better way 3) Slave society was introduced into Britain during the Roman ruling. But it didn’t develop there. 4) The Roman occupation last for about 400 years. They brought Christianity to England. 5) Latin became lingua franca in Britain, English alphabet adapted from Roman Script. “chester”