The Cultural Environments Facing Business参考.ppt

International BusinessEnvironments Operations 14e Daniels ● Radebaugh ● Sullivan Chapter 2 The Cultural Environments Facing Business Learning Objectives To understand methods for learning about cultural environments To analyze the major causes of cultural difference and change To discuss behavioral factors influencing countries’ business practices To understand guidelines for cultural adjustment Introduction Learning Objective 1: To understand methods for learning about cultural environments Introduction Culture refers to the learned norms based on values, attitudes, and beliefs of a group of people Culture is an integral part of a nation’s operating environment every business function is subject to potential cultural differences Introduction Cultural Factors Affecting International Business Operations Introduction Companies need to decide when to make cultural adjustments Fostering cultural diversity can allow a company to gain a global competitive advantage by bringing together people of diverse backgrounds and experience Introduction But, cultural collision can occur when a company implements practices that are less effective or when employees encounter distress because of difficulty in accepting or adjusting to foreign behaviors Cultural Awareness Problem areas that can hinder managers’ cultural awareness… Subconscious reactions to circumstances The assumption that all societal subgroups are similar Managers that educate themselves about other cultures have a greater chance of succeeding abroad Culture and the Nation-State The nation is a useful definition of society because similarity among people is a cause and an effect of national boundaries laws apply primarily along national lines language and values are shared within borders rites and symbols are shared along national lines Culture and the Nation-State Country-by-country analysis can be difficult because subcultures exist within nations similarities link groups from different countries N