低渗透油藏注水开发技术对策研究参考.doc

摘 要 世界上低渗透油田资源丰富，分布广泛。随着世界范围内中高渗透、储量大的油田进入中后期开发开采阶段，水油比上升速度快，复杂难采的低渗透油田所占的比例越来越大。而且国内油田开发的主要对象已经转向以“低孔、低渗、低丰度”为特征的“三低”油藏。此类油藏非均质性严重，开发难度大。 如何合理有效开发低渗、特低渗油藏是一项重要的研究课题。白马中南部工区油藏具有低渗、特低渗的共性，开展对白马中南部工区低渗油藏注水开发技术对策研究，不仅可以为有效开发白马中南部工区提供技术支持，同时也可以为类似的油藏开发提供重要的借鉴价值和指导意义。 本文首先从低渗透油藏地质特征，开采方式，井网部署及渗流规律来阐述低渗透油藏特性，总结目前常用的剩余油分布研究方法并重点介绍运用数值模拟技术对剩余油分布进行研究。然后对白马中南部工区的区域地质背景进行了简要介绍，分析了油藏早期生产特征；并对油田沉积特征、油藏流体性质、储层各种物性等进行分析研究。在此基础上，开展油藏工程研究，对目前工区产能，渗流特征进行简要的介绍，重点研究白马中南部工区的注水开发效果，井网适应性及油藏压力。 通过数值模拟技术掌握白马中南部工区目前剩余油分布情况，结合剩余油研究成果，设计三类调整措施，并展开油藏合理开发模式论证，从而得到最优方案。对优化方案与以现有生产模式进行对比，进一步阐明优化方案的优势所在。 关键词：低渗透油藏；油藏工程；剩余油分布；井网系统；数值模拟  Abstract Low-permeability oil fields in the world are rich and widely distributed. As the world of high permeability, large reserves of oil into the late stages of exploration development, water-oil ratio increased speed; the proportion of low-permeability oil fields is growing. And the main target of national oil field development has shifted to low porosity, low permeability, low abundance”, as the features of the three lowsreservoirs. Such reservoir heterogeneity, the development is difficult. How rational and effective development of low permeability and low permeability reservoir is an important research topic.The south-central work area of Bai Ma Zhong reservoir has the common of low permeability, carrying out water injection and technological measures in low permeability of the south-central, not only for effective development work area to provide technical support, but also for a similar reservoir development to provide important reference value and significance. Firstly, it describes the flow characteristics of low permeability reservoirs from the low permeability reservoir geological characteristics, exploitation method, pattern of well and seepage law, summarizes current research methods commonly used in the remaining oil and focus on the use of numerical simulation to study the distribution of remaining oil,and summarizes current research methods commo