大正时期台南孔庙整修之两位主要人物枝德二.pdf

戎大中文學報 第五十期 2015 年9 月 頁109-140 國立戎功大學中文系 大正時期臺南孔廟整修之兩位主要人物： 枝德二、許廷光 黃啟書＊ 摘 要 綜覽漢人的開拓的歷程，在衣食等必需的生活經濟趨於穩定之後，地方士紳多 會興學廣教。臺灣最早的孔廟，乃明永曆19 年 （1665 ）創建於臺南，素有「全臺首 學」之美譽，至今仍是臺灣最重要的孔廟。其後隨各地設治後之科考需求，漸有其 他廟學之興築。其外形上雖與世俗宮廟相近，然而興築緣由乃至於裝飾藝術，在需 符合一定的建築禮制規範下，實有差別。此外，各地孔廟又屢因各地歷史發展與環 境影響，而呈現出若干區域差異。 日軍入臺之初，臺南孔廟前後成為駐軍、官舍及臺南第一公學校校舍或教室使 用。至大正6 年臺南廳知事枝德二方動員官方力量，集結地方人士與臺南廳幕僚， 著手規劃修築資金之募集與工程事務。本文即分別討論在日據時期對於臺南孔廟修 繕較具影響力之人物，枝德二、許廷光二人之背景與其對孔廟之貢獻。 關鍵詞：孔廟、日據時期、臺南、枝德二、許廷光 ＊ 國立臺灣大學中國文學系副教授。 109 戎 大 中 文 學 報 第 五 十 期 Discussion on the Main Characters about the Renovation of Tainan Confucian Temple in the Japanese-Occupied Period Huang Chi-Shu Associate Professor, Department of Chinese Literature, National Taiwan University Abstract The Confucian temple is devoted to the memory of Confucius and for the sages and philosophers of Confucianism. The largest and oldest Confucian temple was established in Qufu in Shandong Province (479 B.C.) The development of state temples devoted to the cult of Confucius was an outcome of his gradual canonization in Han Dynasty. In Tang Dynasty, Confucian temple decreed that schools in all provinces and counties should have a Confucian temple, as a result of which temples spread throughout China. The first Confucian temple in Taiwan was established in Tainan (1665A.D.), which was designed in a typical Fujian temple style. It was the first learning institute for children when Taiwan was ruled by Qing Dynasty. It is also called as the First Academy of Taiwan years later. After 1895, when Japan began to rule Taiwan, this Confucian temple