基于随机需求和顾客退货的供应链协调机制参考.doc

基于随机需求和顾客退货的供应链协调机制 东 南大 学 学报 (自然科学版) JOURNAL OF SOUTHEAST UNIVERSITY(Natural Science Edition) Vo1．42 N0．1 Jan．2012 doi：10．3969／j．issn．1001—0505．2012．01．036 基于随机需求和顾客退货的供应链协调机制 徐 慧 达庆利 黄 永 (东南大学经济管理学院，南京 ) 摘要：为了加强供应链成员之间的合作关系，构建 了与价格及销售努力相关的随机需求下具有 顾客退货的单一供应商、单一零售商供应链模型．根据集中决策模式得到供应链协调的一阶必要 条件，设计了一种基于回馈与惩罚策略的差别回购契约，论证了该契约可以协调存在顾客退货供 应链，使供应商和零售商实现共赢．研究表明：在给定回馈惩罚因子的情况下，供应商可以通过调 整销售目标来任意分割整条供应链的利润，且销售目标满足一定范围内供应链的协调才有效．最 后通过数值算例验证了上述结论，并分析了顾客退货率对于零售商相关决策变量及供应链总利 润的影响． 关键词：顾客退货；供应链协调；差别回购契约；随机需求 中图分类号：F253 文献标志码：A 文章编号：100l一0505(2012)0l-0194-05 Coordination mechanism of supply chain based on stochastic demand and customer returns Xu Hui Da Qingli Huang Yong (School ofEconomics and Management，Southeast University，Nanjing ，China) Abstract：To improve cooperative relationships between members in supply chain，a single supplier and single retailer supply chain model facing the stochastic demand in relation with price and sales ef- fort and the customer returns is established．The first order necessary condition of supply chain COOT— dination is given according to the centralized decision mode，and a differentiated buyback contract with sales rebate an d penalty policy is designed，which is thereafter proved to be capable of coordi— nating the supply chain with customer returns and making supplier an d retailer achieve win—win．The study shows that with given sales rebate and penalty factor，the profit of total supply chain can be di— vided by supplier through adjusting the sales target，and a certain range must be satisfied by the sales target to make the coordination of the supply chain effective．Finally the above results are verified by numerical example，and the effects Of the rate of customer returns on the decision variables of retailer and the total profit of supply chain are analyzed． Key words：customer returns；supply chain coordination；differentiated buyback contract；stochastic demand 伴随着买方市场的到来，消费者拥有越来越多 的自主选择权，顾客退货政策已被众多厂家采用以 吸引顾客，同样学术界也