石油工程专业英语-钻井技术基础（Basic Drilling technology）.ppt

1. Basic Drilling Technology 1.1 History and Drilling Environments History History History History History Surface Environments Subsurface Environments Subsurface Environments Subsurface Environments Unfortunately, certain geological or geo-chemical processes can affect the pressure gradient, causing it to deviate from its normal trend, resulting in abnormal pressures that are higher than expected (and sometimes lower). Figure 1.3 shows the deviation from the normal pressure trend measured in a group of U.S. Gulf Coast oil fields. Subsurface Environments Subsurface Environments Subsurface Environments Subsurface Environments 1 Basic Drilling Technology 1.1 History and Drilling Environments Types of Drilling Rigs and Structures Types of Drilling Rigs and Structures Basic Drilling Functions The principal components of a rig that perform these functions are shown in figure 1.7. Basic Drilling Functions Basic Drilling Functions Basic Drilling Functions Basic Drilling Functions Basic Drilling Functions Basic Drilling Functions Basic Drilling Functions Basic Drilling Functions Basic Drilling Functions Basic Drilling Functions Basic Drilling Functions Basic Drilling Functions Basic Drilling Functions Basic Drilling Functions Basic Drilling Functions Basic Drilling Functions Basic Drilling Functions Basic Drilling Functions Basic Drilling Functions Basic Drilling Technology 1.1 History and Drilling Environments Drillstem Drillstem Drillstem Drillstem Drillstem Drillstem Drillstem Drillstem Drillstem Drillstem Drilling Fluids Drilling Fluids Drilling Fluids Drilling Fluids Drilling Fluids Drilling Fluids Drilling Fluids Drilling Fluids Drilling Fluids Drilling Fluids Drilling Fluids 1 Basic Drilling Technology 1.1 History and Drilling Environments Planning and Preparation  Planning and Preparation  Planning and Preparation  Planning and Preparation  Planning and Preparation  Planning and Preparation  Planning and Preparation  Planning