管理学（双语）chap4_Decision_Making教材教学课件.ppt

Chapter 4; 1. The Decision-Making Process P156 2. The Manager as Decision Maker P161 3. Decision Making for Today’s World P175 ; Teaching Objectives; Focal and Difficult Points ; 1.1 Decision Making a choice from two or more alternatives. 1.2 The Decision-Making Process Identifying a problem and decision criteria and allocating weights to the criteria. Developing, analyzing, and selecting an alternative that can resolve the problem. Implementing the selected alternative. Evaluating the decision’s effectiveness.;The Decision-Making Process;Step 1 - Identifying a Problem problem - discrepancy between an existing and a desired state of affairs effectively identifying problems is not simple be aware of problems be under pressure to act have resources necessary to act ; 1.2 Decision-Making Process (cont.) Step 2 - Identifying Decision Criteria ● decision criteria - what’s relevant in making a decision. Step 3 - Allocating Weights to the Criteria ● Decision criteria are not of equal importance - Assigning a weight to each item places the items in the correct priority order of their importance in the decision making process. ;2. Types of Decision-Making; 2. The Manager As Decision Maker;2. The Manager As Decision Maker (cont.);2.The Manager As Decision Maker (cont.);使用直觉决策的条件;2. The Manager As A Decision Maker (cont.);2.The Manager As A Decision Maker (cont.);2. The Manager As A Decision Maker (cont.);Expected Value for Revenues from the Addition of One Ski Lift;75;计算各种状态下的期望值;2. The Manager As A Decision Maker (cont.); Payoff Matrix;Regret Matrix;2. The Manager As A Decision Maker (cont.);Exhibit 6–14 Overview of Managerial Decision Making;3. Decision Making for Today’s World;3. Decision Making for Today’s World (cont.);