管理学专业英语chapter14_Innovation__Change教材教学课件.ppt

Chapter 14 Innovation Change; Innovation and Change;What Are Some Reasons for Change?;What Kinds of Change?;Why Do People Resist Change?;Why Do People Resist Change?;Innovation;READING Singapore—A Study in Change;Exercise#3 Decide if these changes are radical or incremental. Put (R) forradical and (I) for incremental. You may want to discuss some of your answers:;Exercise#4 Product or process? Decide which item is product and which is process. Put them in the proper category:;Exercise#6 Put the words and phrases in the right category:;Exercise#6; WORDS MEANINGS ;Labor. We find low-cost labor, cheap labor, skilled labor, the labor force, labor shortage, and labor supply: 1. Foreign companies were originally attracted to Singapore by its low-cost labor for assembly work... By the mid-1970s, Singapore’s ????advantage in cheap labor was disappearing. 2. The pool of skilled labor has increased as a result of the government’s investment in technical schools. 3. The population of some countries is aging (getting older) and there is an?increasing labor shortage in many of these countries. As a result ????of the labor shortage , the cost of labor has gone up. 4. Demography deals with groups of people, such as fertility, mortality, and labor force . 5. As a population ages, its labor supply decreases. ;Change (noun). Our text has discussed the following kinds of change: demographic change, organizational change, social and political change, radical and incremental change, technological change, and change agents. 1. Organizational change is a basic change in a company’s structure, its production methods, or its relation to its customers. 2. Technological change is gradual. It builds on existing processes and modifies them slowly. 3. An increasing number of female managers is an example of social change in industrial societies. 4. The increasing ethnic diversity of the workforce is an example of