第一讲：导读和翻译概述.ppt.ppt

校园里有一只羊。 There is a sheep in the campus. There is a sheep on campus. There is a goat on campus. There is a lamb on campus. There is a ewe on campus. There is a ram on campus. Sheep: a farm animal that is kept for its wool and its meat. * 郑州大学有个广场叫“五星广场”，五星即太阳系中九大行星的五颗，即“金、木、水、火、土星” ，这五颗星的名称正好和中国古代的”五行说”相对应。 这个广场的名称被译为：Five Star Square * Star: large celestial body composed of hot gases emitting electromagnetic radiation, especially light, as a result of nuclear reactions inside it. Planet: In the traditional model of solar systems, a celestial body larger than an asteroid or comet, illuminated by light from a star, such as the sun, around which it revolves. * Five Star：人们最多的联想是 Five Star Hotel， 难道这个广场是五星级的吗？ 能否改为：Five Planet Square 改后的名称至少不会象Five Star Square遭人诟病，但这个名字太科技化。 * 请看以下名称的译： 天安门广场：Tian’anmen Square 千岛湖: Qiandao Lake 龙虎山: Longhu Mountain 五台山：Wutai Mountain 泰山： Taishan Mountain 太湖： Taihu Lake 从以上例子不难看出地名、人名的英译基本上是采取拼音的方法。 * 孟轲悔过 孟子是我国古代一个大学问家。他姓孟名轲。幼时家境贫穷，生活困难。在他三岁时，父亲不幸去世了，母子无依无靠，处境更加艰难。怎么办呢？孟母向人借了一架织布机，靠织布维持生计。 孟轲渐渐长大了。但他非常贪玩，不爱读书。有一天，还不到放学的时候，他悄悄溜出学堂，跑回家来。孟母发现孟轲提前逃学回来，非常生气，她从织布机上站起来，严肃地问儿子：“你又逃学了？”孟轲看了看母亲，低下头，说：“念书没意思，我不念了！” * 母亲一听，气得浑身哆嗦，拿起剪刀，把没有织完的绸子剪断了。母亲的行动惊呆了孟轲，他睁着惊愕的眼睛，不知如何是好。 孟母痛心地指着那一根根丝线，语重心长地说：“你看，这绸子是一根根丝线用力气织起来的。人的学问是一点一滴积累起来的。你不读书，荒废学业，就如同我剪断了这没织成的一匹绸子一样，是件废物。你不读书，怎么能长大成材呢！ 孟轲听了孟母的话，看着那剪断的丝绸和伤心的妈妈，心里难过极了。他觉得母亲的话说得有道理，自己确实不对，于是惭愧地说： “请母亲原谅我。我错了，今后坚决改掉毛病，努力读书学习！” 从此之后，孟轲变了。他再也没有逃过学，日夜苦读，钻研各家学说，终于成为我国封建时期的一位大思想家。 * Meng Ke’s Repentance Mencius is a great scholar of ancient China. His family name is Meng and his given name Ke. （或合并译为：Meng Ke, generally known as Mencius, is a great scholar of ancient China.）Born into a poor family, he led a hard life in his early childhood. At the age of three, he lost his father. With no one to support them, mother and son found life more difficult. What was to be done? Meng’s mother borrowed a loom and began to weave for a living. As he grew older（“渐渐”省略不译，减词用法）, Meng Ke still