多重储存记忆模型概要.ppt

multi-store model of memory Much research was devoted to identifying the properities of sensory ,short term,and long term memory ,and cognitive psychologists such as Atkinson and shifrin (1968)began to regard them as stores-hypothetical holding structures. was devoted to专注于 identify 识别，鉴定； properities 特性 sensory感觉的 cognitive 认知的，认识的 hypothetical 假设的 structure 结构 许多研究致力于鉴定感觉记忆，短时记忆和长时记忆的特性。认知心理学家像阿特金森和谢夫林在1968年提出了结构储存假设。 Atkinson and Shiffrin proposed the two-process model of momery,which showed how information flowed through the two stores of short term and long term memory,but like many of the models,they assumed the existence of a sensory memory that precedes the short time memory ,and so it is sometimes termed the multi-store model. proposed 提出 existence 存在 precedes 领先；在…之先；优于 termed 被称为 multi-store model 多重储存模型 阿特金森和谢夫林提出了记忆的双加工理论模型，来体现长时记忆和短时记忆存储中信息的流动。像许多模型一样，他们假设一种感觉记忆先于短时记忆存在，所以它有时被称为多重储存模型 阿特金森和谢夫林把这些储存视为模型的结构元素，也提出了许多控制过程，像注意、编码和复述，这些过程和储存过程一起操作。 there are two main lines of evidence that support the models assumptions about the way information flows through the systems and the distinct existence of short term and long term memory stores-free recall experiments and studies of brain damaged patients. assumptions[?s?mp??n] n. 假定，设想 distinct adj. 明显的；清楚的； existence [?ɡz?st?ns] n. 存在，实在；生存 free recall experiments 自由回想实验 studies of brain damaged patients脑损伤病人的研究 这两条线索支持了模型假想，信息是通过这种方式贯穿系统，长时记忆和短时记忆存储明显存在，这两个证据是自由回忆实验和脑损伤病人的研究。 In free recall experiments,subjects are given a number of words（for example 20）in succession to remember and are then asked to recall them in any order (free recall).The results reliably fall into a pattern known as the serial position curve . subjects 被试 in succession [s?kse?(?)n] 连续地 recall 回忆 pattern模式 serial position curve 系列位置曲线 在自由回想实验中，给了被试许多单词（例如20个），要求被试连续记住单词，但不必按次序回忆（自由回忆）结果就会形成一种系列位置曲线的模式。 this curve consists of. 系列位置曲线组成为： a. a primacy effect 首因效应 b an asympto