毕业设计-基于单片机的红外感应自动门控制系统设计.doc

摘 要随着社会的发展、科技的进步以及人们生活水平的逐步提高，各种方便于生活的自动控制系统开始进入了人们的生活，以单片机为核心的自动门系统就是其中之一。本文介绍的自动门控制器使用简单、工作稳定、成本低廉，采用双速运行、动作迅速。除能实现自动开关门之外，还具有常开、常关、门禁、防误夹等多种功。通过对“控制自动门系统”的研究和设计，精心撰写了控制自动门系统论文。本设计主要应用单片机8051作为控制核心，步进电机、热释电型红外传感器、电位器相结合的系统。充分发挥了单片机的性能。其优点硬件电路简单，软件功能完善，控制系统可靠，性价比较高等特点，具有一定的使用和参考价值。单片机主要组成部分：中央处理器CPU（Central Processing Unit）、随机存储器RAM（Ramdom Access Memory）、只读存储器ROM(Read Only Memory)、中断系统、定时器/计数器以及I/O（Input/Output）口电路等部件。 单片机在控制领域的优点：体积小，成本低，运用灵活，易于产品化，它能方便的组成各种智能化的控制设备和仪器，做到机电一体化。它能针对性的解决从简单到复杂的各类控制任务，抗干扰能力强，适用温度范围宽，可以方便的实现多机和分布式控制，使整个控制系统的效率和可靠性大为提高。本课题通过红外传感器感应到来人进出门时向单片机送入一个高电平，后以单片机为控制核心对步进电机进行控制。系统实现简单，但功能强，能有效的对门进行开关控制。关键词单片机,自动门,直流电机,红外传感器 ,转速测量Abstract As it becomes more and more automatic and informational nowadays, the application of microcontroller also becomes more and more extensively. Progress of with the development of the society, science and technology and gradual improvement of peoples living standard, various kinds of help automatic control system in life begin to enter peoples life, the system of automatically-controll door taking one-chip computer as the core is one of them. Indicate too that the automatic controlled field became a member in digitized era at the same time. Its practicability is strong, multiple functional, modern techniques, make people believe this is an achievement of scientific and technological progress. It lets the mankind understand even more, the development in digital era will change human’s life, will quicken the development of science and technology.Through the research and design to the thing that the system of single chip controlled auto-door, I have written the computer and controlled the systematic thesis of automatically controlled door meticulously. Thesis this is it rely mainly on one-chip computer to explain emphatically, DC motor and the measure of rotate speed central systems.It is uses 8051 as core of controlling, the DC motor, infrared sensor and electromagnetic switch combine together mainly to design orig