直接引语和间接引语的转化.doc

语法核心突破 直接引语变间接引语:定义：我们转述别人的话时，可以引用别人的原话，被引用的部分称为直接引语；用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。这两种引语都是宾语从句，但是直接引语放在引号内，不用连词联接；间接引语不用引号，通常用连接词与主句联接 一、直接引语变间接引语时句式的变化 1.陈述句变为以 that 引导的宾语从句例如： He said, “Im very glad.” →He said that he was very glad. 2.一般疑问句变为if(whether)引导的宾语从句。例如： He said, “Can you come this afternoon, John?”→He asked whether (if) John could come that afternoon. 3. 特殊疑问句变为由who, what, when等疑问词引导的宾语从句例如： He said, “Where is Mr. Wang?” →He asked where Mr. Wang was. 二、 人称的变化 【点拨】人称的变化一般遵循“一同主，二随宾，三不变”这一原则，例如： “I went to the Great Wall yesterday,” Li Hua said. →Li Hua said that he had gone to the Great Wall the day before. “I’ll come to help you whenever you need my help,” he answered her. →He answered her that he would come to help her whenever she needed his help. She said to me, “Your pronunciation is better than his.”→She told me that my pronunciation was better than his. 三、.时态变化 主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，从句的谓语动词在时态方面要做相应的变化，总的原则是向过去推一个时态 时态的变化 例 句 一般现在时→ 一般过去时 She said, “I need a calculator.” →She said that she needed a calculator. 现在进行时→ 过去进行时 Jim said, “I’m expecting a long distance call.” →Jim said that he was expecting a long distance call. 一般将来时→ 过去将来时 Nancy said, “I’ll call again later.” →Nancy said that she would call again later. 一般过去时→ 过去完成时 He said, “I took it home with me.” →He said that he had taken it home with him. 现在完成时→ 过去完成时 Paul said, “Our team has won the match.” →Paul said that their team had won the match. 过去完成时→ 过去完成时 He said, “I had finished my homework before supper.” →He said that he had finished his homework before supper. 四、 指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化 变化形式 例句 指 示 代 词 this→ that She said, “She is coming this week.” →She said that she was coming that week. these→ those He said, “These books are mine.” →He said those books were his. 时 间 状 语 语 now→ then He said, “It’s ten o’clock now.” →He said that it was ten o’clock then. today→ that day He said, “I haven’t seen her today.” →He said that he hadn’t seen her that day. tonight→ t