写作教程第二版(邹申)-Unit-6.pptVIP

Unit 6Nature Thought Unit Objectives Definition of Definition Sometimes, to avoid confusion or misunderstanding, we have to define a word, term, or concept which is unfamiliar to most readers or open to various interpretations. Definition can be found in almost all expository or persuasive writings. (scientific essays, textbooks, dictionaries, encyclopedia articles, new stories, manuals, government publications and so on.) It answers the questions: To introduce a new term To explain a jargon in some academic discipline To make clear some abstract, controversial or complicated point in argument To make ourselves better understood in everyday affairs Sample 1 – P57 Certain principles There are 3 basic ways to define a word or a term: 1. give a synonym 2. to use a sentence (often with a attributive sentence) 3. to write a paragraph or even an essay. Pitfalls and strategies – P61 1. A good definition. To define the term, the writer relates it to something familiar or already known. 2. Not a good definition. It tends to go in circles. 3. Not a good definition. The term is not adequately differentiated from other similar feelings. 4. A good definition. A synonym is used, which is more familiar. 5. A good definition. It defines by giving a brief explanation. 6. Not a good definition. It uses an example to serve as a definition, but it does not really do the job of defining by putting the term in a class or category and then differentiating it from others in that category. 1. The paragraph mainly offers information. 2. Tornados usually occur (when) on a hot, sticky day with south winds and an ominous sky. …(shape) slender twisting funnels averaging no more than 400 yards wide. Tornados may be accomplished by sheet lightning. …(color) black, brown or occasionally white. Tornados may sound like a roar of hundreds of jet planes or thousands of railroad cars. …(result) buildings to explode. …(d