如何做好阅读理解题2.pptVIP

阅读理解解题技巧 寻找主题句 一篇文章通常围绕一个中心思想展开。各段之间存在着内在的逻辑联系，构成一个有机的整体。每段都有一个句子表达这个段落的中心思想，这个句子叫主题句（Topic Sentence ），其他句子则围绕主题句进行说明或阐述；整篇文章就是通过这些主题句表现出来的。大多数主题句出现在段落的第一句，有一小部分出现在尾句，但也有在段落中间的。 主题句的特点是： 相对于其他句子，它表达的意思比较概括； 主题句一般结构简单； 段落中其他句子必定是用来解释、支撑或发展主题句所表达的思想的。 正确地找到主题句，并搞清它的意思对理解整篇文章是十分重要的，是我们做阅读理解练习时的必要步骤。 下面举几个例子说明： In the United States, most people who live in cities and small towns receive their mails at home. Letters are delivered to the family’s door everyday. Some people have boxes or baskets for letters are delivered by pushing through an opening in the door. Large packages are sometimes left beside the door. 这段里，除第一句外，其他几句讲的全是关于邮件是如何送到家的，即在美国，多数城市和小镇居民是在家取邮件的。因此，这一段开头一句代表了全段的中心，是主题句。主题句放在句首，有利于吸引读者。 One of the most important uses of gold is for money. Gold can be used to make rings, earrings, and other things. Gold is also used to make gold leaf, a very flat ribbon of gold that is often used on pictures frames. Cups and dishes can also be made from gold. Gold has many uses. 本段主要列举了金子的一些用途。 根据上述细节， 最后一句做出较概括的结论，即“金子有多种用途”。这种带结论性的句子应视为主题句。主题句位于句尾， 可使观点或意图更容易为读者所接受。 How many languages are there in the world? There are about 15 hundred, but many of them are not very important. English is one of the most important because so many people use it, not only in England and the U.S.A., but in other parts of the world. About 200,000,000 speak it as their own language, and another 200,000,000 use it as a second language. It is difficult to say how many people are learning it. Many millions of schoolboys and schoolgirls are trying to do so. 本段第一句以设问的方式引出第一段要论述的主题，而主题则由随之引出的句子来表述。 English is one of the most important because so many people use it, not only in England and the U.S.A., but in other parts of the world.是本段主题句。然后最后三句对主题句作了进一步的解释。 理解细节 一篇或一段文章有了主题句， 确定了主题思想之后，作者还必须发展主题思想，提供与主题句相联系的具体细节，如事实、数字、例子等。一般说来，英语的段落类型有分析型、描写型、对比型和定义型等。作者通过分析事物发展的步骤、过程，分析原因、结果；通过描述细节；通过比较两种或多种事物的相同之处，对比同类事物的不同之处和通过解释概念、论述意义等方法阐述文章或段落的主题思想。 Days and nights on the moon are very long. One day on