(精选)【医学英文精品课件】超声心动图 Echocardiography教学课件.ppt

Echocardiography;Cardiomyopathies;Physiologic Classification Dilated Hypertrophic Restrictive ;Cardiomyopathies;Dilated Cardiomyopathy Characterized by four chamber enlargement. Impaired systolic function of both ventricles;Dilated Cardiomyopathies; Etiology Idiopathic Toxins Metabolic Peripartum ;Etiology Infections Systemic Disease Inherited disorders;Physiology Impaired contractility of the LV Reduced CO Elevated LV-EDP.;Symptoms Low cardiac output Pulmonary venous congestion Systemic venous congestion ;Diastolic Dysfunction LV diastolic dysfunction often coexists with systolic dysfunction but typically is not the predominant feature.; 2-D Echocardiographic Findings Enlargement of the 4 chambers Global decreased in wall motion;Dilated Cardiomyopathies;M-mode findings Increased EPSS Reduced anteroposterior aortic root motion B-bump on the AC shoulder ;Dilated Cardiomyopathies;Dilated Cardiomyopathies;Doppler Reduced aortic ejection velocity Reduced aortic VTI A slow rate of rise in the velocity of the MR jet (reduced rate of rise in LV pressure in early systole);Dilated Cardiomyopathies;Dilated Cardiomyopathies;Dilated Cardiomyopathies; Doppler Mitral and tricupid regurgitation;Dilated Cardiomyopathies;Diastolic Filling Pattern Early - Impaired Relaxation Prolonged IVRT Reduced E Increased A;Further deterioration in LV function Increased E velocity (high LA pressure) Reduced A velocity (elevated LV-EDP) Pseudonormalization;LA Filling Pattern Increased atrial reversal velocity Increased ratio of antegrade diastolic to systolic flow.;Dilated Cardiomyopathies;Cardiomyopathies;Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathies;Predominant Features Asymmetric hypertrophy of the LV Normal ventricular systolic function Impaired LV diastolic function +/- Subaortic dynamic obstruction ;Clinical Features High risk of sudden death Symptoms of angina Exercise intolerance Syncope Systolic murmur;Type ;Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathies; The apical pattern of hypertrophy is associated with an inverted