(精选)【医学英文精品课件】心脏 HEART教学课件.ppt

* * IHD “spectrum” * * * What happens to myocardium when arteries are suddenly occluded. * Why does the necrosis spread from the endocardium to the pericardium (i.e., epicardium)? Ans: Because the subendocardium is the LEAST well perfused by the subepicardial arteries. The “furthest away” theory. The APEX of the myocardium is like the FOOT of a human being, it is the most likely to receive the brunt of ischemic and infarctive phemonena, nomatter WHERE along the course of the artery the disease occurs. The apex therefore the most common site of wall motion abnormalities, logically. * NOTE: In ischemia, NO gross or microscopic findings are seen, visible changes are seen only with INFARCTION. You cannot see ISCHEMIA!!! * * In “reperfusion, not only are you oxygenating dead myocardial cells, but you are oxygenating the often destructive inflammatory process too. * * * * * * A chamber wall is only as thick as it has to be, i.e., more pressure ? more thickness. Please remember LVH does NOT CAUSE the hypertension, it is the adaptive REACTION to it! * * * * LV should be no more than 1.5 cm. LV should be no more than 1.5 cm. LV should be no more than 1.5 cm. LV should be no more than 1.5 cm. LV should be no more than 1.5 cm. LV should be no more than 1.5 cm. LV should be no more than 1.5 cm. LV should be no more than 1.5 cm. LV should be no more than 1.5 cm. * * * *Answer: owing to left atrial enlargement Is this LV primarily hypertrophic, or dilated? * * Answer: lenticulostriate in basal ganglia most susceptible to hypertensive CVA HYPERTENSION causes CHF, CHF causes HYPERTENSION, HYPERTENSION causes CHF, CHF causes HYPERTENSION, HYPERTENSION causes CHF, CHF causes HYPERTENSION, HYPERTENSION causes CHF, CHF causes HYPERTENSION, HYPERTENSION causes CHF As the alveoli EXPAND in COPD, the arterioles NARROW! In which type of cor pulmonale, might there be NO RVH, acute (such as massive PE or “saddle” embolism”), or chronic? *