科技英语翻译Lecture3.7.ppt

Lecture 3.7. 被动语态的翻译 科技文献侧重叙事和推理。读者重视的是作者的观点和发明的内容，而不是作者本人，所以科技英语中被动语态使用得非常广泛。 译成汉语主动句 原文中的主语在译文中仍作主语 The energy of motion is called kinetic energy. It is clear that a body can be charged under certain condition. Water can be broken down into hydrogen and oxygen. Wounds can be cauterized by searing. One element may be substituted for another in a compound. Net is best suited for small and medium enterprises to band together and break the monopolies of the “giants”. The year 2000 problem is not only limited to what happens with computers between December 31, 1999 and January 1, 2000. The World Health Organization estimates that 1.7 billion people are infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The basic theory of the traditional Chinese medicine is adopted from the theory of yin and yang theory of the five elements. In our factory, automation has been substituted for mechanization. 原文中的主语在译文中作宾语，并增译主语 The full meaning of cloning will be felt only when we get a taste of its abuse. Heat and temperature were confused until Black cleared up the subject in 1760. Damage from the increased use of chemicals has been felt. Salt is known to have a very strong corroding effect on metals. New computer viruses and logic bombs are discovered every week. Potassium and sodium are seldom met in their natural state. If one of more electrons be removed, the atom is said to be positively charged. Generally, the mass and the weight of a body are considered identical. Gases are frequently regarded as compressible, liquids as incompressible. At one time it was thought that all atoms of the same element were exactly alike. 原文中的主语在译文中作宾语，而原文中的行为主体、用作状语的介词短语或其他词语则相应地译成主语 In the US millions of IV bags made of PVC are used annually. Computers are employed in most banks. Recently, some new kinds of steel have been developed in our country. The temperature of the liquid is raised by the application of heat. The creative shaping process of a technologist’s mind can be see