Grammar被动语态ppt.ppt

被动语态（passive voice） 要点有哪些信誉好的足球投注网站： 常用时态被动语态的结构 被动语态的用法 主动与被动的转换 注意事项: 主动形式表示被动意义 被动形式表示主动意义 被动结构与系表结构的区别 主要用于: 不知或不必提及动作的执行者; *Three people were injured. 强调动作的承受者; *Many houses were destroyed in the war. 动作的执行者很模糊; *The song is said to be very popular abroad. 主动句与被动句的转换 1．含有单宾语的主动句的转换： 被动形式表示主动意义 反身代词的被动形式表示主动意义 She usually dressed herself in white. She is usually dressed in white. The boy seated himself by the window. The boy was seated by the window. 被动结构与系表结构的区别 被动表动作,系表表状态或情况; *I was interested by the teacher’s joke. *I am interested in literature. 被动常用介词by引发出动作的对象,而系表结构中常用其他介词; *I’m interested in my won hobbies. *I was interested by what you showed me. Thank you! * English Course S1A Oxford Shanghai Edition 语态(voice)是一种动词形式，表示动词的主语与该动词所表示的动作之间的主动和被动关系。当主语是动作的执行者时，动词用主动语态（Active Voice）；如果主语是动作的承受者，动词便用被动语态（Passive Voice）。 *We cleaned the classroom yesterday. *The classroom was cleaned by us yesterday. 结构和用法 动词的被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。当主动句变为被动句时，原来的宾语变成了主语，原来的主语变成了介词by的宾语。 一般现在时： am / is / are done 一般过去时： was / were done 现在进行时： am / is / are being done 过去进行时： was / were being done 现在完成时： have / has been done 过去完成时： had been done 一般将来时： shall / will be done ; be going to be done 当句中含有情态动词时，句子结构为 can / must / have to…be done He is regarded as a brilliant.  This book was written in 1969.  The broken bike is being repaired now.  He told us the cat was being washed when we called him.  The pen has been used for several years. He said the factory had been opened . The work will be finished in three hours. The baby must be looked after well.  在被动句中有时用by词组，有时不用。一般来说，当动作的执行者为谁不甚清楚，不甚重要或难以说出时，通常不用by。但有时为了强调动作执行者或者由于上下和结构上的需要则必须使用 by 词组。Eg： *Hamlet was written by Shakespeare.  *People speak English almost all over the world. English is spoken almost all over the world. 当主动句的宾语是that引导的宾语从句，可转换为两种形式的被动句。 用先行的it作形式主语，把宾语从句变 后置的主语从句； 2) 把宾语从句里的主语变成被动句的主语， 同时把宾语从句中的谓语变成不定式短语。 *People believe that he is an honest boy. It is believe