unit直译和意译.pptVIP

Unit 2 翻译的三步骤ABC 一、理解 1. 对语言现象的理解， 2. 对逻辑关系的理解， 3. 对原文所涉及的人物和事物的理解。 1.理解语言现象 词汇、短语和结构 例子：Suddenly the line went limp. “I’m going back,” said Kurth. “We must have a break somewhere. Wait for me. I’ll be back in five minutes.” 引爆电线突然耷拉下来。库尔思说，“我回去看看。一定是哪个地方断了。等一等，我五分钟就回来。” 2. 逻辑分析 选择词义、正确分析句法结构和原文所涉及的人物和事物，避免逐字逐句地死译、硬译。 例子1：It’s good for him to do that. 例子2：The chicken is too hot to eat. 3. 理解原文所涉及的人物和事物 要有广博知识 例如1：He is a fox. She is a cat. 例子2：John can be relied on. He eats no fish and plays the game. 二、表达 Literal translation and Liberal translation 直译和意译 If the literal one can make sense, do it. Otherwise, use the free translation, especially when the cultural elements are concerned with. Cultural differences between Chinese and English 地理环境： 汉—— 农业。“牛” （多如牛毛；牛头不对马嘴；九牛二虎之力） 英——大海。“鱼”（a big fish in a pond; drink like a fish; fish in troubled waters） 同时，也影响到了性格、处理问题的方式。 文化心理（“红色”; “蓝色”等）如：running a business in red ，to marry into the purple ，black?in?the?face? ，blue films ，green meat 传统习俗（亲戚关系）如 : uncle, untie, cousin , Literal translation (word for word translation直译） Death—breathe one’s last; go to one’s eternal rest; the long sleep; pass away; see God; see Marx; see one’s ancestor; go west; go to heaven; kick the bucket (蹬腿儿了) Crocodile tears; be armed to the teeth; chain reaction; gentlemen’s agreement. 一国两制； 纸老虎； 四书五经（the Four Books and the Five Classics）；三教九流(the three religions and the nine schools of thought) 不能直译就采取意译 Maybe Kino has cut off his own head and destroyed himself. 直译: 也许基诺割掉了自己的脑袋, 把自己毁了. 意译: 也许基诺走绝了路, 自己毁了自己. But no one forces you to go to sea. It gets in your blood. 直译: … 它溶到你的血液里了. 意译: …, 是你心甘情愿的. Liberal translation (free translation意译） White man At sixes and sevens It rains cats and dogs. Don’t cross the bridge before you get to it. Green hand. Every life has its roses and thorns. 有时直译和意译都可以 There is no pot so ugly it can’t find a lid. 音译 主要用于人名、地名等专有名词和科技术语 如：Nobel，Jeffers