PRINCIPLES OF PHARMACOLOGY - Carteret Community …药理学原理卡特里特社区….doc

INTRODUCTION TO RESPIRATORY CARE PHARMACOLOGY Pharmacology and the Study of Drugs Drug A chemical which alters an organism’s function or processes oxygen alcohol heparin epinephrine vitamins Pharmacology the study of drugs (chemicals), including their origin, properties, and interactions with living organisms Pharmacy The preparation and dispensing of drugs Pharmacognosy The identification of sources of drugs, from plants and animals Pharmacogenetics The study of the interrelationship of genetic differences and drug effects Therapeutics The art of treating disease with drugs Toxicology The study of toxic substances and their pharmacological actions, including antidotes and poison control Legislation Affecting Drugs See text, page 3, Box 1-1 Qualified medical practitioners who prescribe, dispense, or administer drugs must comply with federal and state laws governing the manufacture, sale, possession, administration, and dispensing and prescribing of drugs. All drugs available for legal use are controlled by the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act. This law protects the public by insuring the purity, strength, and composition of food, drugs, and cosmetics. It also prohibits the movement, in interstate commerce, of adulterated and misbranded food, drugs, devices, and cosmetics. Enforcement of this act is the responsibility of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which is part of the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) of the US Government. The Controlled Substance Act of 1970 controls the manufacture, importation, compounding, selling, dealing in, and giving away of drugs that have the potential for addiction and abuse. These drugs are known as controlled substances (opium, cocaine, narcotics, stimulants, and depressants). The act is enforced by the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA). Under federal law, medical practitioners who prescribe, administer, or dispense controlled substances must register with the DEA and physicians are required to renew thei