图像目标提取算法及其硬件实现-工商学院本科生毕业论文设计参考资料范文模板.doc

图像目标提取算法及其硬件实现 摘　　要 边缘是图像最基本的特征，边缘检测是图像处理中重要内容这些算法的核心思想是假设边缘点对应于原始图像灰度级梯度的局部极值点然后在 环境下对这些算子进行编程实现。但是，，这些算法对噪声非常敏感，常常会把噪声当作边缘点检测出来，而真正的边缘由于噪声的干扰可能被漏检。Image Object Extraction Algorithm and Hardware Implementation ABSTRACT Edge is the most basic features of the image,therefore,，edge detection is very important in image processing content. This paper describes several classical and widely used in image edge detection operator，for example，Robert edge operator，Prewitt and Sobel edge operator，etc.The core idea of these algorithms is the assumption that the edge points corresponding to the original image gray level gradient of the local extreme point. Then in the Matlab environment of these operators for programming.However, some images contain noise,These algorithms are very sensitive to noise, the noise will often be detected as edge points, while the real edge due to noise is also likely to be missed. Secondly, the article introduces the image segmentation technique, its core idea is: to identify and analyze the goals, the need to extract the isolated region, and the goal of further use. On this basis, the use of these operators on the image edge detection, summed up the advantages and disadvantages of various edge detection algorithms for different images found relatively more effective edge detection algorithm, thus significantly reducing the amount of data, important to retain the structural properties of the image. This article also describes how to use the hardware of the image edge detection, and with the edge detection using Matlab simulation results obtained were compared to that of a hardware implementation of edge detection is feasible. Key words: Edge detection; image segmentation; object extraction 目　　录 ABSTRACT 2 1　　引言 1 2　　边缘检测 2 2.1　边缘属性 2 2.2　导数的计算 2 2.3　边缘检测模板 2 2.4　小结 3 3　　图像分割 4 3.1　Hough变换 4 3.2　阈值法 6 3.2.1　迭代法 6 3.2.2　Otsu法 7 3.2.3　一维最大熵法 7 3.2.4　二维最大熵法 7 3.2.5　简单统计法 8 3.3　特征空间聚类法 9 3.3.1　K-均值聚类法 9 3.3.2　ISODATA聚类法原理 10 3.4　松弛迭代法 11 3.5　小结 12 4　　Matl