系统解剖 泌尿系统 英文版.Urinary System.ppt

Urinary System泌尿系统 Urinary System泌尿系统 ★ Composition Kidney 肾－form urine Ureter 输尿管－conduct urine from kidneys to bladder Urinary bladder 膀胱－receives and stores urine Urethra 尿道－conducts urine from bladder to exterior of body (discharged) Kidney 肾 ★ General features Bean shaped, reddish-brown organs Superior extremity－broad and thin Inferior extremity－narrow and thick Anterior surface－convex Posterior surface－flat Lateral border－convex Kidney 肾 Medial border－concave ★ Renal hilum 肾门－a vertical slit on the medial border of kidney ★ Renal pedicle肾蒂 － the structures which enter and leave the renal hilum，including the renal vein, renal artery, renal pelvis, lymphatic vessels and nerves Order of structures in the renal pedicle From anterior to posterior－renal V, renal A, renal pelvis. From superior to inferior－ renal A. renal V. renal pelvis. Kidney 肾 ★ Renal sinus 肾窦 The renal hilum extends into a large cavity within the kidney Contents: Occupied by the renal vessels, minor renal calices, major renal calices, renal pelvis and some adipose tissue kidney ★ Renal structure肾的结构 Renal cortex 肾皮质 renal columns 肾柱 Renal medulla 肾髓质 Renal pyramids 肾锥体 (15～20) Renal papilla 肾乳头 Papillary foramina 乳头孔 Minor renal calices 肾小盏 (7－8) Major renal calices 肾大盏 (2～3) Renal pelvis 肾盂 kidney ★ Coverings of kidney Fibrous capsule 纤维囊 Fatty renal capsule 脂肪囊 Renal fascia 肾筋膜 kidney Coverings of kidney Fibrous capsule 纤维囊 A strong fibrous capsule which strips easily from a normal kidney surface but adheres firmly to an organ that has been inflamed kidney Fatty renal capsule 脂肪囊 A thick adipose connective tissue capsule, surrounds the fibrous capsule It acts as a shock absorber to protect the kidney from jolting and jarring Renal fascia 肾筋膜 On outside, surrounds both the kidney and suprarenal gland Holding these organs in place kidney ★ Position of Kidney Lie behind the peritoneum, high up on the posterior abdominal wall on either side of t