英语本科语言学复习资料.doc

英语本科语言学复习资料 I. Directions: Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and put the letter A, B, C or D in the blanks. (1% x 20 = 20%) 1. When a sentence changes from a statement to a general/ special question, which movement is structurally required? A. NP – movement/WH - movement B. NP – movement/ Aux - movement C. AUX - movement/WH – movement D. WH – movement/ AUX - movement 2. The fact that children acquire spoken language before they can read or write indicates that language is primary ______. A. vocal B. arbitrary C. human—specific D. written 3. The naming theory seems applicable to ________ only. A. verbs B. adjectives C. adverbs D. nouns 4. Which of the following statements is NOT used by the speaker to perform certain acts? A. “I name this ship Elizabeth.’’ B. “I visited my uncle last Sunday.’’ C. “I give and bequeath my watch to my brother.’’ D. “I bet you sit pence it will rain tomorrow.’’ 5. Which of the following words is entirely arbitrary? A. photo - copy B. cackle C. book D. rumble 6. According to its________ in the new word, affixes are divided into two kinds: prefixes and suffixes. A meaning B. function C. position D. sound 7. By saying You have left the door wide open, a speaker might be performing the three acts: locutionary, illocutionary and perlocutionary . A. at the same time B. one after another C. two first and then the other D. one first and then the other two 8. Language can be used to refer to contexts removed from the immediate situations of the speaker. This is what_________ means. A. displacement B. cultural transmission C. duality D. productivity 9. The basic unit in phonology is called ______; it is a unit that is of distinctive value. A. phone B. phoneme C. allophone D. phonetic transcription 10. _______ modify the meaning of the stem, but usually do not change the part