护理医学中医护理学课件-心悸.ppt

心悸 Palpitation Palpitation Definition Palpitation 是指病人自觉心中悸动，惊慌不安，甚则不能自主为主要表现的一种病证。心悸包括惊悸和怔忡两方面，因惊而悸者谓之惊悸，时发时止，病情较轻；若无外因而悸者，谓之怔忡，发作无定时，病情较重。 Cause of Disease and Pathomechanism Palpitation 的病位在心，其发病与脾、肾、肝、肺四脏功能失调相关。本病为本虚标实，本为气血不足，阴阳亏损；标为气滞，血瘀，痰浊，水饮。 Analyses of pathological conditions 心虚胆怯 ( timidity due to heart-deficiency ) 心血不足( insufficiency of heart blood ) 阴虚火旺( flaring of fire due to yin-asthenia ) 心阳不振( inactivation of heart-yang ) 水饮凌心( fluid retention invading heart ) 心血瘀阻( stasis of heart blood ) Analyses of pathological conditions Timidity due to heart-deficiency 心悸，善惊易恐，坐卧不安，少寐多梦，舌苔薄白或如常，脉象动数或虚弦。 Insufficiency of heart blood 心悸，头晕，面色不华，倦怠乏力，舌质淡红，脉象细弱。 Analyses of pathological conditions Flaring of fire due to yin-asthenia 心悸不宁，心烦少寐，头晕目眩，手足心热，腰酸耳鸣，舌质红，少苔或无苔，脉象细数。 Inactivation of heart-yang 心悸不安，胸闷气短，面色苍白，形寒肢冷，舌质淡白，脉象虚弱或沉细而数。 Analyses of pathological conditions Fluid retention invading heart 心悸，眩晕，胸脘痞满，形寒肢冷，小便短少；或下肢浮肿，渴不欲饮，恶心吐涎，舌苔白滑，脉弦滑。 Stasis of heart blood 心悸不安，胸闷不舒，心痛时作，或见唇甲青紫，舌质暗或有瘀斑，脉涩或结代。 Problems of patients Nursing interventions Timidity due to heart-deficiency Principle of nursing：镇惊定志，养心安神 Entirety nursing Nursing interventions Insufficiency of heart blood Principle of nursing：补血养心，益气安神 Entirety nursing Nursing interventions Flaring of fire due to yin-asthenia Principle of nursing ：滋阴请火，养心安神 Entirety nursing Nursing interventions Inactivation of heart-yang Principle of nursing ：温补心阳，安神定悸 Entirety nursing Nursing interventions Fluid retention invading heart Principle of nursing ：振奋心阳，化气行水 Entirety nursing Nursing interventions Stasis of heart blood Principle of nursing ：活血化瘀，理气通结 Entirety nursing Nursing evaluation Introduction on health 积极治疗引起心悸的原发病。 避免诱发心悸的因素，如寒热变化、饮食不节、情志不遂等。 保证充足的休息与睡眠是减轻病情的重要条件。 胸痹 Chest blockage Chest blockage Definition Chest blockage Cause of Disease and Pathomechanism Chest blockage