压疮评估与预防与治疗进展.ppt

压疮评估与治疗的进展;;A pressure ulcer is localized injury to the skin and/or underlying tissue usually over a bony prominence, as a result of pressure, or pressure in combination with shear. A number of contributing or confounding factors are also associated with pressure ulcers; the significance of these factors is yet to be elucidated. 皮肤损伤 通常发生在骨隆突处 是压力和/或剪力、摩擦力对皮下组织损伤的结果。 ;;Pressure Ulcers May Not be Preventable有些压疮是难以避免的;Primary risk factors for development of pressure ulcers are形成压疮的原发危险因素;Pressure Ulcer Classifications 分级 ; Stage 4:Full Thickness Tissue Loss Full thickness skin loss with extensive destruction, tissue necrosis or damage to muscle, bone, or supporting structures (e.g., tendon, joint capsule). Undermining and sinus tracts also may be associated四期压疮;Unstageable: Depth Unknown Full thickness tissue loss in which the base of the ulcer is covered by slough (yellow, tan, gray, green or brown) and/or eschar (tan, brown or black) in the wound bed. Until enough slough and/or eschar is removed to expose the base of the wound, the true depth, and therefore Category/Stage, cannot be determined. Stable (dry, adherent, intact without erythema or fluctuance) eschar on the heels serves as ‘the body’s natural (biological) cover’ and should not be removed. ; Suspected Deep Tissue Injury: Depth Unknown Purple or maroon localized area of discolored intact skin or blood-filled blister due to damage of underlying soft tissue from pressure and/or shear. The area may be preceded by tissue that is painful, firm, mushy, boggy, warmer or cooler as compared to adjacent tissue. ;Pressure Ulcer Classifications 分级;Factors That Affect PU Wound Healing 影响压疮伤口康复的因素包括：;;The Nonhealing Chronic WoundFailure to Heal by 12 Weeks慢性伤口需要12周的时间才能愈合;Preventive Measures – A Step Wise Approach to Nutritional Intervention in Patients with Wounds预防措施——对于有压疮伤口的病人选用营养干预是一个明智的方法;Preventive measures预防措施;Preventive measures预防措施;Wound Care伤口护理;Pressure Ulcers CPG Tr