《日本环境部门土壤污染措施及法律》.docVIP

The aim of this special edition[Present condition of soil pollution and the Soil Contamination Countermeasures Law] Kouji Muraoka Department of Cultural Environment, Osaka Sangyo University Soil pollution is one of the seven types of pollution. The Soil Contamination Countermeasures Law, which is the last fundamental law for the measures on prevention of pollution, was enforced in 2002. However, the law on the control of soil pollution to agricultural lands went into effect in 1970. The Water Pollution Control Law, which is closely related to soil pollution, was also enacted in 1970. The environmental standards in soil were defined in 1991. Subsequently, after they were reviewed, the environmental standards on the 27 items were established. Why is the consolidation of the legal system over soil pollution only delayed? The answers to this question are detailed below. ? Certain areas of land are private properties, thus, it is quite difficult for the government to impose laws for the preservation of the quality of the soil, unlike in the case of the protection of water reserves and maintenance of clean air.? In the case of pollution of a private land, the contamination is usually protracted because a public legal system cannot readily meddle in the affairs of the proprietors. A background factor of longstanding soil pollution, which has not been detected, has been present for a considerable time.Under these circumstances, the following reasons on the prompt institution of the legal system on soil contamination are deliberated.? Plant relocation and the change in industrial structure as a new practical use of a previous plant site are becoming an increasing trend.? The momentum on intensive land use of an urban area due to city redevelopment is rising.Consequently, soil pollution, especially in an urban area, has actualized one after another and the cases which indicate soil pollution have increased. In land dealings, the problem on determining the value of r