中国医改30年度研究(英文).pdf

Process of China’s Healthcare System Reform Process of China’s Healthcare System Reform Abstract : Since the early 1980s, the reform of healthcare system has begun in China. In order to adapt to its economic reform, the healthcare system was switched to market-oriented as well. Unfortunately, this orientation caused some problems in society. Nowadays, a new reform is processing. In this article, we’ll divide its reform process into three periods according to the different orientations and policies taken and we’ll analyze each process with an institutional transition point of view. In each process, we’ll explain in detail the policies taken identify drivers and inhibitors of the reform and analyze the reasons why some actions are taken and their influence to the society. Part 1: Introduction Since 1978, socio-economic reforms in China have been implemented. During this reform, we “constitutionalize” a package of rights in different domains, including healthcare domain.. In this article, we will make analysis based on the concept “constitutionalize” proposed by Eric Brousseau: “Rather than viewing rights as being established once (under conditions that are often unique) or being the corollary outcome of an external dynamic, we envisage rights—both political and economic—as the product of an ongoing bargaining process. Rights are debated, fought over, supported, and possibly renegotiated by unequal (though purposeful) agents who interact with their rulers [1]”. Besides, the process of reform in China is different from those in western world. In China, social but not democratic rights are granted to the masses by a typically powerful and forward-looking state [2]. This special situation may cause some differences while actions are taken. Further, China has developed during the past 30 years, especially in the economic domain, which should be taken into account when we analyze the reforms. The reform