第14章节.游泳 生物.pdf

Chapter 17 - The Nekton: Free Swimmers of the Sea Chapter 17 The Nekton: Free Swimmers of the Sea True / False Questions 1. Commercial whaling was carried out along the Labrador coast in the sixteenth century. TRUE 十六世纪，商业捕鲸就在拉布拉多海岸开展了。 2. Because whales are homeotherms, individuals of a single species can migrate between and survive in waters of very different temperatures. TRUE 由于鲸类是恒温动物，某一种类的个体可以在温差很大的水体之间迁移运动。 3. Dolphins and porpoises are small toothed whales. TRUE 海豚和鼠海豚是小型的齿鲸。 4. The Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) protects all nekton in U.S. waters. FALSE 海洋哺乳动物保护计划（MMPA ）保护美国水域中的所有游泳生物。 5. Whale falls support a large community of organisms including sharks, crabs, and bacteria. TRUE 鲸鱼死亡分解过程中，可支持一个包括鲨鱼、蟹类和细菌等组成的庞大生物群落。 6. The only marine lizard that is a member of the nekton is the marine iguana found in the Galápagos Islands. TRUE 鬣鳞蜥是唯一的归类为游泳生物的、在海洋中生活的蜥蜴，产于加拉帕戈斯群岛。 17-1 Chapter 17 - The Nekton: Free Swimmers of the Sea 7. No Kemps ridley sea turtles hatched in captivity and released to the wild have returned to lay eggs. FALSE 8. TEDs are devices to keep seals away from fishnets. FALSE TEDs是阻止海豹远离渔网的装置。 9. Despite the growth in commercial fishing and the exploitation of new fishing stocks, world fish harvests have remained nearly constant over the last decade. TRUE 尽管捕捞努力量增加并有新的渔业资源得到开发，但过去十年的全球渔获量仍保持基本不变。 10. El Niño along the Peruvian coast makes it easier to catch the anchovies and, therefore, easier to overfish the area. FALSE 秘鲁沿岸海域发生的厄尔尼诺现象使鯷鱼更易捕捞，因此，易导致该海域捕捞过度。 11. Purse seine harvesting of tuna has resulted in an incidental catch of porpoise. TRUE 金枪鱼大型围网捕捞作业会导致鼠海豚作为副渔获而被捕捞。 12. Mariculture, or aquaculture, has about the same relationship to commercial fishing as farming does to hunting. TRUE 海水养殖之于商业捕鱼的关系，就如同陆地上放牧和狩猎的关系。 13. Pelagic seabi