Consequences of accidental releases of hazardous material推荐.pdf

Consequences of accidental releases of hazardous material C. M. Pietersen Depnrtnrent of I~ldrwtrinlSnfety, TNO, PO Box 342, 7300 AH Apeldoorn, The Netherlnr zds Safety and risk-assessment studies are increasingly used to manage the activities involving hazardous material. Models are necessary in risk analysis studies (e.g. for land-use planning) and for calculating the consequences of a release of material. This paper presents models for calculating the consequences of fires, explosions and releases of toxic gases to people and constructions/buildings. These models are taken from the TNO consequence calculation handbook developed for the Dutch Ministry of Housing and Environment (DMHE),in which more models are given. (Keywords: release; hazard; risk) The use of safety and risk-assessment studies for started with the Yellow Book. The dispersion model improvement of safety records in the industry has in the Yellow Book is only valid for distances I00 m, increased considerably over the past decade. Author - so a short distance emission model3 was issued to deal ities increasingly tend to use risk-analysis as a tool for with distances up to 100 m. The influence of buildings is policy making, e.g. land-use planning. also taken into account3. The Red BookQvas also Over the years, TNO have developed many released, and has been complemented recently by a mathematical models to