膨胀剂用量对粘土橡胶纳米复合材料微观结构与性能的影响.doc

膨胀剂用量对粘土/橡胶纳米复合材料微观结构与性能的影响 摘要：本课题采用两步法改性并预膨胀钙基蒙脱土，制备粘土/橡胶纳米复合材料，并对其微观结构和性能的研究。在实验过程中用有机改性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）与钙基蒙脱土不同的比例改性钙基蒙脱土，再用不同用量的膨胀剂（无水乙醇）预膨胀改性土，改变工艺参数，得出最佳力学性能的纳米复合材料的配比和工艺条件。研究表明，在65℃恒温水浴中，采用钙基土与 CTAB配比为2.8:1制得有机粘土，再按无水乙醇与钙基土配比为7ml:1g预膨胀有机粘土，所制得的复合材料性能最好；并考察了该预膨胀有机土中膨胀剂残余量对复合材料力学性能的影响，实验表明，烘干温度恒定（50℃），烘干时间为125min所得到的预膨胀有机粘土相对应的复合材料的力学性能最优。 关键字：CTAB,丁腈胶，膨胀剂，预膨胀有机改性土，纳米复合材料 The Effects of Amount of Expanders to Clay/Rubber Nanocomposites Micro-Structure and Properties Abstracte:The subject using two-step modification and preparation expansion calcium-Montmorillonite clay to preparation of Clay/Rubber Nanocomposites. Studying its microstructure and properties.In the experiments with 16 alkyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and calcium-Montmorillonite clay in different proportions of modified calcium-Montmorillonite clay, then use a different amount of expander (ethanol) expansion of modified soil, change parameters, come to the best proportion and mechanical properties of Nanocomposites .Studies have shown that the constant temperature water bath at 65 ℃,Calcium-based soil and ratio of CTAB for 2.8:1 organic clay,Ratio of ethanol and calcium-based soil expansion for 7ml:1g of organic clay Composite produced is the best performance,and Have visited the Expander in pre-expansive organic soil residue effect on mechanical properties of composite materials.Experiments show that constant drying temperature (50℃), the drying time is 125min the resulting expansion of the organo-clay optimal mechanical properties of composite materials. Keywords:CTAB,NBR,Expanders,Expansive Clay,Nanocomposite 目 录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u HYPERLINK \l _Toc296037389 1 前言 PAGEREF _Toc296037389 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc296037391 1.1粘土的结构组成、性质和有机化 PAGEREF _Toc296037391 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc296037391 1.1.1粘土的结构与组成 PAGEREF _Toc296037391 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc296037392 1.1.2粘土的性质 PAGEREF _Toc296037392 \h 2 HYPERLINK \l _Toc296037393 1.1.3蒙脱土的有机化 4 HYPERLINK \l _Toc296037394 1.2聚合物/粘土纳米复合材料