语法专题 第8讲.ppt

②动词用过去完成式或would/could＋have＋过去分词说明与过去的事实相反。 We wish we had paid more attention to our pronunciation.我们以前要是能更注意我们的发音就好了。 He wished he had stayed at home. 他但愿他呆在了家里。 ③情态动词“would，could，might”等后接动词原形，表示将来不大可能实现的愿望(通常不用should)。 I wish he would try again.我希望他再试一下。 We wish he could come.我们希望他能来。 (3)在would rather，would sooner，had rather，would (just) as soon，would prefer之后的宾语从句中，其动词用虚拟语气，表示句子的主语(某人)宁愿让另一人做某事或对过去做的事的懊悔。 ①用动词过去式表示现在或将来要做的事。 I would rather you went home now. 我宁愿让你现在就回家。 Do not come tomorrow.I would rather you came next weekend.明天别来，我宁愿你下个周末来。 ②用动词的过去完成式表示过去的动作。 I would rather you had not done that. 我真希望(宁愿)你没做过那件事。 4．虚拟语气用于主语从句中 (1)在句型“It is/was＋过去分词＋that从句”中，当过去分词为：insisted，required，demanded，decided，proposed，urged，requested，suggested，recommended，ordered等时，从句中要用“should＋动词原形”(should可省略)。 It is requested that Miss Zhang (should) give a performance at the party. 在晚会上张小姐被请求表演一个节目。 (2)在句型“It is/was ＋形容词＋that从句”中，当形容词为：natural，necessary，important，strange等时，从句中要用“should＋动词原形”(should可省略)。 It is important and necessary that we should master a foreign language. 掌握一门外语对我们来说是重要的和必要的。 It is strange that he (should) refuse your help. 他竟然拒绝你们的帮助，真奇怪。 5．虚拟语气用于同位语从句或表语从句中 在名词demand，desire，requirement，advice，recommendation，suggestion，order，proposal，plan，idea等后面的同位语从句或表语从句中，用“should＋动词原形”(should可省略)。但在as if，as though引导的表语从句中，从句中谓语用动词过去式或过去完成式，表示对现在或过去的虚拟。 I made a suggestion that we (should) hold a meeting next week. 我提出了我们下个星期开会的建议。(同位语从句) His suggestion that the meeting (should) be held in this room has been accepted.他的关于在这个房间召开会议的建议被采纳了。(同位语从句) My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference. 我的想法是我们多找些人来参加会议。(表语从句) He looks as if he were tired.他面带倦容。(表语从句) 6．虚拟语气用于定语从句中 在句型“It is (high) time＋(that)从句”中，谓语需用虚拟语气。用过去式表示现在或将来的意念，意为“现在是该做某事的时候了”。 It is (high) time (that) we went home.我们该回家了。 7．虚拟语气用于方式状语从句中 由as if和as though等引导的方式状语从句中，如果从句所表达的情况是虚拟的，则： (1)常用动词的过去式来表示与现在或当时的情况相反； The young man with long hair walks as if he were a girl. 留长发的那个小伙子走起路来就像个小姑娘。 (2)常