高考虚拟语气考点.doc

当心虚拟语气考点 一、考查虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法 虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法是其最基本的用法，也是高考最可能涉题的用法。为了便于理解和记忆，我们虚拟语气在虚拟条件从中的用法分为三类——涉及现在时间的虚拟条件，涉及过去时间的虚拟条件，涉及将来时间的虚拟条件。下面就是这三类基本句型的谓语动词形式： 时间从句谓语形式主句谓语形式将来一般过去时(be用were)would/should/might/could+动词原形现在一般过去时(be用were)would/should/might/could+动词原形过去过去完成时would/should/might/could have+过去分词【有关考题】（答案分别为CBD） (1) If he _______ my advice, he wouldn’t have lost his job. (2010湖南卷) A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow (1) If we _______ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. (2010陕西卷) A. take B. had taken C. took D. have taken (1) —John went to the hospital alone. —If he _______ me about it, I would have gone with him. (2010天津卷) A. should tell B. tells C. told D. had told 二、考查特殊句型中的虚拟语气 英语中需要使用虚拟语气的特殊句型不多，主要有以下类： 1. “倒装”类虚拟语气 当虚拟条件句中含有were, should, had时，有时可将引导虚拟条件句的连词if省略，而将从句中的were, should, had 提到句首，构成倒装形式的虚拟语气。如： If he were here, she would agree too. →Were she here, she would agree too. 如果她在这里，她也同意的。 If it should rain tomorrow, we should have to put off the match. →Should it rain tomorrow, we should have to put off the match. 假若明天下雨，我们只好推迟这场比赛。 If we had found him earlier we could have saved his life.→Had we found him earlier we could have saved his life. 要是我们当时早点找到他的话，我们就可以救活他。 注意，如果条件从句的谓语为否定式，其中的否定词not应置于主语之后，而不能与were, should, had 等缩略成Weren’t, Shouldn’t, Hadn’t而置于句首。如： 我如不是警告了你，你就可能丧命了。 正：If I hadn’t warned you, you could have been killed. 正：Had I not warned you, you could have been killed. 误：Hadn’t I warned you, you could have been killed. 另外，有时省略if后提前到句首的had可能不是助动词，而是实义动词。如： Had I time, I would go with you. 假如我有时间，我就同你们一起去。 句中的had不是构成过去完成时的助动词，而是表示“有”，如果不省略if，其完整形式为：If I had time, I would go with you. 【有关考题】（答案分别为AB） (1) Had I known about this computer program, a huge? HYPERLINK / amount of time and energy _______. (2010浙江卷) A. would have been saved B. had been saved C. will be saved D. was saved (1) _______ fired, your health care and other benefits will no