高一须掌握的非谓语动词知识点(完美版).doc

非谓语动词 包括 动词不定式、动名词、分词（现在分词和过去分词） 非谓语动词的使用条件 一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下,还有别的动词出现时 不定式（to+do） 主语 表语 不定式 宾语 宾语补足语 定语 状语 主语：To study English well is difficult .=It is difficult to study English well. 动词不定式作主语时，常用it做形式主语 如要说明动词不定式的动作的执行者，则有两种情况： It后形容词为easy, difficult, hard, good, useful, wrong, right, necessary, impossible, important 等修饰to do 这个动作的或词组a great day, a great thing, a pity 等。 It is +形容词+for sb +不定式短语。 It is right for rich people to help poor people. 如果表语是kind, nice, clever, wise, foolish, careless 等描述动作执行者的性格品质的形容词时,则句型结构为: It is +形容词+ of sb. + 不定式短语。 It’s kind ofyou to help me with my math. 表语：His job is to clean the classroom. 宾语：下列动词后常跟不定式做宾语： agree;choose;fail; intend; learn; manage; offer; plan; pretend; promise; prefer; refuse;．want, arrange, ,hesitate(犹豫),determine,decide, attempt, hope, wish,expect, , long, hate等。 ④宾补： 下列这些词后常跟to do补足语： want, wish, ask, tell, order, beg, permit, persuade, prepare, cause, force, call on, wait for, invite，allow, advise, call, enable, get, have(有）, invite, teach, 有些动词与不带to的不定式连用（但改为被动语态时，不定式要加to） 一感(feel)二听 (hear, listen to ) 三让(let, have, make ) 四观看(see, observe, watch, look at) ⑤定语 ⑥状语 表示行为的目的、结果、原因、独立成分等 不定式的形式 ? 主动 被动 一般式 to do to be done 进行式 to be doing ? 完成式 to have done to have been done 动名词 主语 表语 动名词 宾语 定语 主语：Learn new words is very important for me. 特殊用法:用it做形式主语 It is no use crying over the spilt milk. 用动名词的句型： It +is+a waste of time doing 做……是浪费时间 It is no good/use doing 做……是没用处的 There is no use doing 干……没有用 There is no doing 做…是不可能的 There is no sense (in) doing 做……没有道理 There is no point (in) doing 干……无意义 it is fun doing 做…是高兴的 have difficulty\trouble\problem\fun in doing have a good time\a hard time +(in) doing. be busy doing on doing there is/was no need to do 做….没必要 表语：His hobby is painting. ③ 定语 置于名词前，说明所修饰词的性质以及用途，具有名词性质。 a swimming pool=a pool for swimming drinking water=w