高考英语二轮复习语法专题:定语从句终极版.doc

高考英语二轮复习语法专题:定语从句终极版.doc

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高考英语二轮复习语法专题:定语从句终极版

定 语 从 句 一、基本概念: 在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。如: Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now? That is the house where he lived ten years ago. 定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词;定语从句一般用关系代词或关系副词来引导,关系词放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作从句中的一个成分。 ★引导定语从句的关系代词有:that, which, who, whom, whose★关系副词有:when, where, why. 二、关系词的用法: (一)关系代词的用法: 关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词引导定语从句时,可作主语、宾语、定语等句子成分。 主语 who/that which/that that 不可 宾语 who/whom/that which/that that 可 表语 that that that 可 定语 whose/of whom whose/of which 不可 This is the detective who came from London. The book which/that I am reading is written by Thomas Hardy. The desk whose leg is broken is very old. This is the room that/which Shakespeare was born in. 注:在非正式文体中,用于指人的关系代词who whom, that 通常可以省略,但在正式文体中通常用whom, 不可省略;用于指物的关系代词which和that 在非正式文体中也通常省略,但在正式文体中一般不省略。 .作定语用whose =the+ n+ of of which =of which the + n (a) He is the man whose car was stolen last week. (b) It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at that time. “介词 + whose +名词”引导定语从句。 I love my motherland, for whose good future I will work hard. 门是蓝色的那间房是我的。.作表语只用that ,它既可以指人,也可以指物,但时常省略。如: He is no longer the man that he used to be. This is no longer the dirty place (that) it used to be. 、 as在定语从句中的用法as可以引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 . as引导非限制性定语从句,有“正如,就像”之意。它在从句中可充当主语、宾语或表语。 例 The elephant’s nose is like a snake, as anybody can see. as引导限制性定语从句多与such或the same连用,它可以代替先行词是人或物的名词。 Such people as were mentioned by him were honest. I shall do it in the same way as you did. . as引导的非限制性定语从句的位置 as引导的非限制性定语从句位置较灵活,可以位于主句前面、中间或后面,一般用逗号与主句隔开,但which所引导的非限制性定语从句一般只能放在主句之后。例如: As had been expected, the England team won the football match. The earth runs around the sun, as is known to everyone. 注意:the same…that与the same…as在意思上是不同的。例如: This is the same bag as I lost yesterday. 这个书包和我昨天丢的相似。(相似物) This is the same bag that I lost yesterday. 这正是我昨天丢的那个书包。(同一物) (二)关系副词的用法: 1.when 指时间,在从句中作时间状语,它的先行词通常有:time, day, morning, night, week, year 等。 Do you know

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