家教-定语从句.doc

定语从句 概述 定语从句包括限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。定语从句中的关系代词和关系副词的作用，是把作定语的从句和主句中被修饰的先行词，连接在一起，而且在从句中充当一个句子成分。 关系代词 that：作主语（S）和宾语（O），指物； which：作S，指人； who：作S，指人; whom:作O，指人; whose：作定语，指人和物; as：作S和O；在限制性定语从句中指人或物，在非限制性定语从句中指代上文谈到的整个内容，在句中可以跟which互换，在句首只用as（※）。 关系副词 when：作时间状语； where：作地点状语； why：作原因状语。 定语从句中引导词的判定方法 先看先行词； 分析定语从句句子成分； 若缺成分，则使用能充当相应成分的关系代词引导； 若不缺成分，则根据先行词找关系副词，或“介词+关系代词”，介词由句意确定。 Eg.⑴The boy burned the house＿＿he was kicked out. A when B on which C above which D in which ⑵He much enjoys the way ＿＿the girl beats him. A that B which C in which D where 注：that在此特殊句中作关系副词，可省略。 ⑶This is the second time ＿＿he has been cheated. A that B when C in which D because 注：常规判断为？，但the second修饰 time，为特殊句，应选A。 as 引导的三种限制性定语从句 such充当先行词时，只用as引导 eg.Such as he says is true.(他说的是很正确的。) 先行词前面有such所修饰。 eg.改错题 He has such an interesting book that we like very much. as ②取掉such ③like 后加it 先行词前有the same所修饰，用as 连接。 Eg.He owns the same house as you have(vt.缺宾语) Eg. ＿＿is known to girls, he is kind gentle and handsome. A It B what C as D which who和that的区别 与who引导的特殊疑问句的定语从句中，只用that。② Eg.Who is the girl ＿＿has kick you out? (2)非限制性定语从句中，指人作主语用who。 Eg.The father, ＿＿is a killer, loves his son. whom与that 的区别 非限制性定语从句里指人用whom Eg.The boy, whom he hates, is cool. 作介词的宾语指人，且介词前置，只能使用whom. Eg.The boy ＿＿ he takes a look is beaten. which 和that 的区别 只用which的情况：①非限制性定语从句中，只用which。②充当介词的宾语，且介词前置，只用which 只用that的情况： 不定代词作先行词，只用that引导。常见的不定代词：little, few, many, much, all, none, something, anything. Eg.The little that has been done is useful. 先行词前有形容词的最高级修饰，只用that Eg.He like the biggest apple ＿＿ is cut. 先行词前有序数词修饰。 Eg.This is the first book ＿＿is read by him, 先行词前有the only，the very，all，any修饰 Eg.I like all the books＿＿he gives me. 先行词是既指人又指物的合成先行词，只用that。 He can never forget the desk and the deskmate ＿＿he knew in school. Which所引导的特殊疑问句的定语从句中，用that引导 Which is the knief ＿＿ is used to kill his father. 在定语从句中，用来充当表语是用that。 Eg.The China of today is not the one ＿＿it used to be. 考察定语从句的常规题型 She