全球化对于发展中国家的影响 英文.pdf

The impact of globalisation on developing countries. Paper to be delivered at the ESSA conference 17 –19 September 2003 at Somerset West 12 J Mostert 1. Introduction Globalisation can be seen as one of the most important force impacting on the economy. According to Brittan (1998:2) globalisation is viewed “as a whirlwind of relentless and disruptive change which leaves governments helpless and leaves a trail of economic, social cultural and environmental problems in its wake.” Globalisation is a term used as buzzword without showing the implication of globalisation. Walker en Fox (1999:2) states that the global integration of the financial markets can be seen as an example globalisation. Walker en Fox argues than the process of financial globalisation is the most important part of the process of globalisation. It is possible to gain insight into the general process of globalisation by studying the process of financial globalisation. It is accepted that the world economy has become more integrated due to the process of globalisation (Neuland en Hough, 1999:1). Despite the fact that globalisation is not a new phenomenon, the intensity of the process of globalisation has increased in die 1990’s. The increasing intensity in the process of globalisation is evident in the increase in financial transactions in the world markets. 1 Mr Mostert is the regional academic manager of Technikon SA in Bloemfontein. 2 The comment and input of an anonymous referee is acknowledged. All errors and omissions are those of the author. Hak-Min (1999:1) indicated that the threefold increase in private capital transactions between 1980 and 1990 could be ascribed to the process of globalisation in the international financial markets. Some of the issues that will be dealt with in the paper are the definition of globalization, the impact of globalisation on unemployment, the distribution of income and the sovereignty of developing coun