Canny边缘检测与轮廓提取武汉理工大学通信工程应用技术综合训练与实习报告.doc

目录 摘要 I Abstract II 1 绪论 1 2 设计内容与OpenCV简介 2 2.1 设计任务内容 2 2.2 OpenCV简介 2 3 理论分析 3 3.1 边缘检测 3 3.1.1 图像的边缘 3 3.1.2 边缘检测的基本步骤 3 3.2 轮廓提取 4 4 边缘检测的算法比较 5 4.1 Reborts算子 5 4.2 Sobel算子 5 4.3 Prewitt 算子 6 4.4 Kirsch 算子 7 4.5 LOG算子 7 4.6 Canny算子 8 5 实验仿真 10 5.1算法设计 10 5.2 实验结果 11 6 分析与总结 12 参考文献 13 附录 14 摘要 边缘检测是图像处理和计算机视觉中的基本问题，它的目的是标识出数字图像中亮度变化明显的点。图像经过边沿检测处理之后，不仅大幅度地减少了数据量，并且剔除了可以认为不相关的信息，保留了图像重要的结构属性。 事实上，边缘存在于图像的不规则结构和不平稳现象中，也即存在于信号的突变点处，这些点给出了图像轮廓的位置。这些轮廓常常是我们在图像边缘检测时，所需要的非常重要的一些特征条件，这就需要我们对一幅图像检测并提取出它的边缘。 可用于图像边缘检测和轮廓提取的方法有很多，其中包括有常见的Robert 边缘算子、Prewitt 边缘算子、Sobel 边缘算子等等。本文首先将会从数字图像处理的角度，对几种边缘检测算法进行详细的分析，然后会并选择其中一种边缘检测算法进行实验。考虑到以后进一步的学习，本文将会使用openCV对算法进行实现。最后，本文将会把实验获得的实际效果，与理论分析的结果进行比对，并以此对本次实验进行总结。 关键字：边缘检测 轮廓提取 图像处理 openCV Abstract Edge detection is the basic problem in image processing and computer vision, its purpose is to identify the digital image brightness changes in the obvious points.Image after edge detection processing, not only greatly reduces the amount of data, and eliminated can think irrelevant information, keep the structure of the image important attribute. Edge of image, in fact, exist in the image of the irregular structure and unstable phenomenon, which exists in the abrupt change point of the signal, the point the location of the image contour is presented.These contours are often in image edge detection, we need some important characteristics of the condition, this needs us to the edge of an image detection and extract it. There are so many method can be used in image edge detection and contour extraction, including common Robert edge operator, Prewitt edge operator, Sobel edge operator and so on.At first, this paper will, from the perspective of digital image processing and analysis of several kinds of edge detection algorithms in detail, and then select one of the edge detection algorithm for experiments.After considering the further study, this paper implemented the algorithm will use openCV.Finally, this article will obtain the actual ef