全球铁路竞争力报告.pdf

Global Competitiveness in the Rail and Transit Industry 2 Table of Contents 3 Table of Contents Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 U.S. Rail and Transit in Context . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 The Global Rail Market . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Selected National Experiences: Europe and East Asia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Implications for the United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Endnotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Figures and Tables Figure 1. National Investment in Rail Infrastructure, Selected Countries, 2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Figure 2. Leading Global Rail Equipment Manufacturers, Share of World Market, 2001 . . . . . . . 15 Figure 3. Leading Global Rail Equipment Manufacturers, by Sales, 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Table 1. Global Passenger and Freight Rail Market, by Region and Major Industry Segment, 2005–2007 Average . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Table 2. Annual Rolling Stock Markets by Region, Current and Projections to 2016 . . . . . . . . . . 13 Table 3. Profiles of M