dd抗草甘膦 EPSPS 基因的专利保护分析dd抗草甘膦 EPSPS 基因的专利保护分析.pdf

2010 年《中国生物工程杂志》第二期 抗草甘膦 EPSPS 基因的专利保护分析 ∗ 宋 敏 ，刘丽军，苏颖异，张 锐 （1 中国农业科学院农业知识产权研究中心，2 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 北京 100081 ） 摘要：抗草甘膦转基因作物是目前全球播种面积最大的转基因作物，抗草甘膦基 因（EPSPS ）的克隆、表达及其功能验证等也因此成为现代分子生物育种研究的 重点，利用专利等知识产权保护措施将这些功能基因和转化技术转变成自己的独 占产权是发达国家和生物技术公司普遍采取的发展策略。通过检索搜集全球范围 内EPSPS 基因的专利和转化品系信息，分析研究了 EPSPS 基因在全球的专利保 护、核心技术专利分布与产业化运用状况。结果表明，近几年对 EPSPS 的专利 申请量迅速增加，专利申请人主要集中在美国、法国、中国等国家，但是核心技 术和产业化应用的绝大部分专利由孟山都、拜耳、先锋、先正达等跨国公司拥有， 相关产业的发展主动权也由此被其掌控。 关键词：草甘膦；EPSPS；基因；专利；产业化 Analysis of Patent Protection of Glyphosate-tolerance EPSPS Gene SONG Min, LIU Li-jun, SU Ying-yi, ZHANG Rui (China Center for Intellectual Property in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081) Abstract: Glyphosate-tolerant crop currently takes the biggest share of GM cultivation area all around the world. Thus, the cloning, expression and function of EPSPS become main focuses of modern bio-molecular breeding, and putting the function genes and transformation techniques into their own exclusive property rights by IP protection, such as patent, becomes the general developmental strategy of developed countries and bio-technology companies. This article analyzes the current situation of IP protection, core patent distribution and industrialization of EPSPS gene throughout the world by retrieving data of global EPSPS gene patents and transformation events. The result shows that applications of EPSPS patents soared up in recent years and the applicants were mainly from the US, France and China etc., but most of the key technologies and industrialization were owned by international companies like Monsanto, Bayer, Pioneer Hi-bred, and Syngenta, and the initiative of certain industrial development was c