Renewable Energy[可再生能源](-39).ppt

Renewable Energy Garth Ratcliffe Department of Environmental and Geographical sciences Manchester Metropolitan University Specific Questions What are the current and projected UK energy (fuel + electricity) demands? How is the demand for electricity currently being generated? In the future? What contribution can renewable energy make to future fuel and electricity needs? UK Energy Demands 2000 How are energy needs supplied? Present EnergyResources Fossil fuels - coal, oil, gas are all of limited amounts. Cant be replaced. Nuclear fuels -limited amounts of uranium for nuclear fission reactors but reprocessing of fuel possible. Difficult to estimate how long these fuels will last - but is it sustainable economically or environmentally? How much energy is needed? DTI Energy Statistics for 2000 308,332 GWh of electricity was distributed to 29.068 million consumers. i.e. on average, each consumer used 10, 607 kwh of electricity. In 2000, the total energy consumed in the domestic sector of the UK was 46,833 thousands tons of oil equivalent. Dividing this value by the number of consumers and converting to kwh gives the average amount of energy used per household as 18,737 kwh. Sustainable situation Renewable energy resources are being replaced / generated at the same rate that they are being utilised. Hence they will last indefinitely. Renewable Energy What is renewable energy? What forms does it take? Why is it needed? Targets exist for renewable energy to generate 10% of electricity by 2010 and 20% by 2020! Can these be achieved? What forms of renewable energy will deliver these targets? Electricity Generation by Renewables Generating Capacity of Renewable Plants Forms of Renewable Energy All sources of energy ultimately come from the sun. This is particularly obvious in the case of renewable energies. Renewable Energy Utilisation 2000 Solar Radiation solar heating panels/passive solar power generation solar cells / photovoltaic cells Solar cells conve