英语国家概况V British Education.ppt

British Education Chapter 6 Introduction The purpose of British education system is not only to provide children with literacy( “3 R’s”: reading, (w)rting and and (a)rithmetic ) and the other basic skills they will need to become active members of society but also to socialize children. History of Education Historically, education was voluntary and many of the schools were set up by churches. The influence of the church on schooling is strong: religious education was the only subject which the state insisted all schools teach their pupils (other subjects were left up to schools to decide upon). Daily prayers and singing hymns (圣歌) is a regular part of school life. History of Education Before 1870, only 4o% of children under 10 went to school regularly. The main receivers of a more advanced education were the sons of the wealthy. In 1870, a law was passed to call for government–funded education, involving government in taking responsibilities for the education of children. History of Education By 1880, attendance at school for children between 5 and 10 was compulsory rather than voluntary. And by the end of WWI the school leaving age was raised to 14 to dissuade (劝阻) children from leaving school in order to work to support their families. History of Education In 1944, Education Act made Children admitted to schools not because of their social class or their parents’ possession, but for the abilities they display. The main concern was to make sure more children had access to a good education. History of Education Through an exam called “the 11-plus”, the government tried to raised the quality of education 1. Grammar Schools ----- where the most academically capable pupils were sent to be prepared for university. 2. Vocational Schools ----- where less successful pupils were sent to learn trades. History of Education In the 1960s, comprehensive schools （综合学校）were introduced all over the country, which ended the division between grammar schools and