谓语动词用复数形式。 - 阳光学习网.ppt

主谓一致正误辨析 同学们在主谓一致问题上经常会犯判断失误的错误，现将有关主谓一致现象的难点归纳如下： 一、主语为单数集体名词，谓语动词用复数的情况 　　[例1]警察正在城里搜捕一名小偷。 　　[误] The police is searching the city for a thief. 　　[正] The police are searching the city for a thief. 　　[析] police，people，cattle(牛)等词虽然形式上是单数，但意义上却为复数，谓语动词需用复数形式。 　　[例2]在我国老人受到很好的照顾。 　　[误] The old is taken good care of in our country. 　　[正] The old are taken good care of in our country. [析]某些形容词前加上定冠词the，如the old，the young，the dead，the rich，the sick等，用以表示一类人时，其意义为复数，谓语动词用复数形式。 二、主语为复数形式，谓语动词用单数的情况 　　[例1]《纽约时报》是流行于美国各地的报纸。 　　[误] The New York Times are read all over the United States. 　　[正] The New York Times is read all over the United States. 　[析]当表示国家、城市、人名、书名、报纸、杂志及组织机构等的专有名词作主语时，通常把它们作为整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式。 　　[例2]这条裤子是他哥哥的。 　　[误] This pair of trousers are his brothers. 　[正] This pair of trousers is his brothers. 　　[析]一些由两个相同部分组成一体的复数名词，如trousers，glasses，shoes等，作主语时，若前面有一条、一副、一把之类的单位名词，则谓语动词用单数，不带单位名词，则谓语动词用复数形式。 三、主语为单数形式，谓语动词有时用单数，有时用复数的情况 [例1]他家里人正等着他。 　　[误] His family is waiting for him. 　　[正] His family are waiting for him. 　　[析]有些集体名词，如family，class，group，team，nation，couple等，作主语时，若作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数；如果就其中一个个成员考虑，谓语动词则用复数形式。 　　[例2]我们需要许多食物。 　　[误] Lots of food are needed by us. 　　[正] Lots of food is needed by us. 　　[析] a lot of / lots of / plenty of+名词作主语时，谓语动词的数依据名词的数而定。 四、并列主语与谓语动词数的一致的情况 　　[例1]那位教师兼作家来参加会议了。 　　[误] The teacher and writer have come to the meeting. 　　[正] The teacher and writer has come to the meeting. 　　[析]由and连接的两个(或两个以上)单数主语，指同一人，同一物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。 　　[例2]每个男孩和女孩都有受教育的权利。 　　[误] Every boy and every girl have the right to education. 　　[正] Every boy and every girl has the right to education. 　　[析]由and连接两个单数主语，若前面有every，each等限定时，谓语动词用单数形式。 五、几种特殊结构的主谓语一致 　　[例1]和这些孩子们交谈是一件愉快的事。 　　[误] To tallk with the children are a great pleasure. 　　[正] To talk with the children is a great pleasure. 　　[析]该句是不定式作主语，表示单一概念，谓语动词用单数形式。 　　[例2]一切都准备好了，是吗? 　　[误] Everything are ready，arent they? 　　[正] Everything is ready，isnt it? [析] everything，something，nothin