英语作文句式知识点.doc

英语作文句式知识点 一，分词的用法： 现在分词作状语，用于同一主语的主动情况。（开头为动词的ing形式） 如：当他们听到这个消息时，觉得非常惊讶。 Hearing the new, they felt extremely surprised。 过去分词作状语，用于同一主语的被动情况。（开头为动词的过去分时形式） 如：从山顶上看，那个红色屋顶的房子漂亮极了。 Seen from the top of the hill, the house whose roof is red is totally beautiful. 3， 独立主格结构，通常用于主语不一致时。（人名加’s，代词则用相应的所有格） 如：因为他上课睡觉，所以他的老师生气了。 His sleeping on the class, his teacher was angry. 4， Being的用法，通常用于Be动词加形容词的情况。 如：非常生气，他冲进了教室。 Being angry, he rushed into the classroom. 5， 分词作伴随状语。 如：他坐在窗前，看着一只小鸟。 He sat in front of the window, looking a bird. 6, 过去分词作定语。 如：他正在吃一只炸过的鸡。 He was eating a fried chicken. 二，倒装句的用法： （一）部分倒装： 虽然...... 形容词/副词/动词/名词+ as /though + 主语+动词+句子。 如：①虽然他很强壮，可是他还是搬不动那个重重的箱子。 Strong as he was, he could not carry the heavy box. ②虽然他已经学会开车，但是他还是出车祸了。 Drive as he could, he had a car accident. ③虽然他开车开得很快，但是他的车还是开到了河里。 Quickly as he drove, his car rushed into the river. ④虽然他还是一个小孩，但是他可以在厨房里下厨。 Child as he is, he can cook in the kitchen. 2, only的用法。 a, only +介词短语+主谓倒装。 如：只有通过这个方法我们才能保护我们的环境。 Only in this way can we protect our environment. b, only +时间状语从句+主句倒装。 如：只有在河里面的鱼全都死了以后人们才会意识到环境的重要性。 Only after all the fish died in the river did they realize the importance of environment.3, 太......以至于...... So +形容词/副词+主谓倒装+ that +句子。 如：①他太胖了以至于他超重了。 So fat was he that he was overweight. ②他生气地说话以至于他的女儿立即哭了起来。 So angrily did he speak that her daughter suddenly burst into tears. 4, 以So, neither/nor开头的倒装句。 如：他昨天没有做作业，我也是。 He didn’t do the homework yesterday, neither did I. 5, 虚拟语气的倒装中虚拟条件的if可省略。 a, 表示与现在事实相反时，从句用谓语的过去式（be动词只能用were），主句谓语则要用would/should/could/might+动词原形。 如：假如我是你的话，我就不会坐车回学校了。 Were I you, I would not go to school by bus. b, 表示与过去事实相反时，谓语动词用过去分词形式（had），主语谓语用would should/could/might + have done。 如：如果他昨天听从我的建议的话，他一定能在比赛上取得成功。 Had he taken my advice yesterday, he would have succeeded in the competition. c, 表示与将来事实相反时，从句谓语动词用过去时或should/were to+动词原形，主句谓语则要用would/should/could/might+动词原形。 如：如果明天