生物柴油-4-1.pdf

Diesel Fuel News Ethanol Biofuels News Gas Processors Report More + Search it! SEARCH HOME ARCHIVED ISSUES EXPERTS CONTACT EVENTS RESOURCES FEEDBACK SUBSCRIBE IGCC Must Figure into ‘Low-Carbon’ Refinery Planning SEND TO A FRIEND Phoenix, Ariz.– Oil refiners know they’re likely to face ever-tougher demands to slash carbon dioxide (CO ) 2 emissions both from stationary refinery sources as well as the mobile sources that use their fuels. If the demands become as tough as outlined in recent proposed U.S. Congressional legislation, then run-of-the-mill refinery “energy efficiency” projects won’t be nearly enough to fit the bill, as URS Corp. technology direct Mark Lockhart explained in a paper (AM-10-176 ) presented during the National Petrochemical Refiners Association 2010 annual meeting here. Some “low-carbon” refinery efficiency projects “will have an attractive payback” if they are “relatively low cost and save sufficient fuel and/or electricity,” he explained. However, “long-term” projects including integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) combined with CO2 capture and storage (CCS) will cost much more (see chart), he showed. Source: URS Such projects “are more likely to be implemented when carbon credit pricing has increased to significantly higher levels, which will occur in time under a cap-and-trade system,” he said. “Contemplated legislation would require reductions of GHG [greenhouse gas] emissions in the U.S. of 17% by 2020, 42% by 2030 and more than 80% of 2005 values by 2050. These reductions will not be realized by measures such as increasing plant efficiencies,” but rather by CCS, which is aided by technologies including IGCC, he expla