信息工程—外文文献及翻译(英文+译文).doc

外文文献原稿和译文DATABASE A database may be defined as a collection interrelated data store together with as little redundancy as possible to serve one or more applications in an optimal fashion .the data are stored so that they are independent of programs which use the data .A common and controlled approach is used in adding new data and in modifying and retrieving existing data within the data base .One system is said to contain a collection of database if they are entirely separate in structure . A database may be designed for batch processing , real-time processing ,or in-line processing .A data base system involves application program, DBMS, and database. THE INTRODUCTION TO DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS The term database is often to describe a collection of related files that is organized into an integrated structure that provides different people varied access to the same data. In many cases this resource is located in different files in different departments throughout the organization, often known only to the individuals who work with their specific portion of the total information. In these cases, the potential value of the information goes unrealized because a person in other departments who may need it does not know it or it cannot be accessed efficiently. In an attempt to organize their information resources and provide for timely and efficient access, many companies have implemented databases. A database is a collection of related data. By data, we mean known facts that can be recorded and that have implicit meaning. For example, the names, telephone numbers, and addresses of all the people you know. You may have recorded this data in an indexed address book, or you may have stored it on a diskette using a personal computer and software such as DBASE Ⅲ or Lotus 1-2-3. This is a collection of related data with an implicit meaning and hence is a database. The above definition of database is quite general. For example, we may consider the collection of words tha