stylisticsphonological2音位层面.ppt

Warm-up 1. He banged the door. 2. Peter, Peter, pumpkin eater, Had a wife and couldn’t keep her; He put her in a pumpkin shell And there he kept her very well. 3. A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit. 4. Go well, Go Shell. (Shell Oil) Checklists Stress Pause (voiced pause silent pause) Intonation patterns Sound and sense: onomatopoeia Sound patterning: alliteration, assonance, consonance, rhyme… I. Pause Emotive Pause (Voiced Pause) Structural Pause (Silent Pause) Marker of distinguishing between formal and informal style For example I Have a Dream Mandy Moore A formal public speech may contain long pauses to show thoughtfulness or seriousness of tone II. Stress e.g. – Bob and Mary were expelled from the school yesterday. -- Really? Bob and Mary? You must be kidding. To show emphasis To show surprise, anger, doubt, horror or excitement To distinguish meaning of identical words or phrases III. Intonation Falling : definiteness, certainty, completeness * Low fall: cold and reserved, detached, dispassionate, serious, calm * High fall: friendly, lively, warm Rising: lack of definiteness, lack of certainty, incompleteness Fall Rise: reservation, partial agreement, warning Rise Fall: self-satisfied, complacent IV. Sound and Sense Sound symbolism Synaesthesia * Echo words * Onomatopoeia Sound and sense The sound must seem an echo to the sense. -- Alexander Pope Words have weight, sound and appearance; it is only by considering these that you can write a sentence that is good to look at and good to listen to. -- Maugham For example: … The sound must seem an echo to the sense, Soft is the strain when Zephyr gently blows, And the smooth stream in smoother numbers flows; But when loud surges lash the sounding shore, The hoarse, rough verse shou’d like the torrent roar. (1) Sound Symbolism 1. We chip a sma