备考大学英语应用能力AB级考试教程.ppt

第一部分 语法和词汇 第二部分 翻译 第三部分 写作 从历年考试试题分析来看，PRETCO语法(Structure)考查重点主要是：动词时态和语态、非谓语动词(动词不定式、分词和动名词)、情态动词、状语从句、定语从句、倒装句、强调句、反意问句、虚拟语气、代词、形容词和副词等。考生要对上述语法项目从概念到应用上下功夫。现就各项目的考核重点分别简单叙述如下(其中有些例句选自历年考试试题)： 一、动词的时态和语态 考核重点： 过去完成时。注意：过去完成时常常和before，after，until，when等引导的时间状语从句连用，其谓语动词的动作一般表示过去。常用句型如下： by the time(the end)of+表示过去时间的短语或句子； hardly (scarcely)+过去完成时+when+过去时； no sooner+过去完成时+than+过去时； 现在完成时和现在完成进行时。常用时间状语有： this day(week，month，year)，so far，for some time，up to now，up to the present，all this year(month，week)等； 将来完成时。常与before，until，when，after等连词引导的时间状语从句连用，其谓语动词的动作一般表示将来。常用句型如下： by the time(the end)0f+表示将来时间的短语或句子。 例句： 1.He said:“I____________ a lot of new words by the end of last year．”(2002．12 B级) A) had already learnt B)would have already learnt C) have already learnt D)already learnt 答案： 。句中时间状语by the end of last year表明谓语动词要用过去完成时态。 2. The project to clear up the polluted river____________by the end of next year．(2002．6 B级) A) is being completed B)will have been completed C) has been completed D)will have completed 答案： 。句中时间状语by the end of next year表明谓语动词要用将来完成时。 3. The students____________ their papers by the end of this month．(2002．6 A级) A) will have finished B)have been finishing C) have finished D)will be finishing 答案： 。句中时间状语by the end of this month表明谓语动词要用将来完成时。 4. Up till now I(spend)_______ a great deal of money on books，magazines and newspapers. (2003．6 B级) A) spent C) had spent B) have spent D) am going to spend 答案： 。句中的时间状语up till now要求谓语动词用现在完成时。 5. Until then________ his family from him for several months． A)??hadn’t heard C) didn’t hear B) hasn’t heard D) hasn’t been hearing 答案： 。句中的状语until then和for several months可以判断谓语动词用过去完成时。 6．Hardly ______we ________ the railway station when it began to rain heavily． A) had…got to